std/collections/hash/

map.rs

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests;

use hashbrown::hash_map as base;

use self::Entry::*;
use crate::alloc::{Allocator, Global};
use crate::borrow::Borrow;
use crate::collections::{TryReserveError, TryReserveErrorKind};
use crate::error::Error;
use crate::fmt::{self, Debug};
use crate::hash::{BuildHasher, Hash, RandomState};
use crate::iter::FusedIterator;
use crate::ops::Index;

/// A [hash map] implemented with quadratic probing and SIMD lookup.
///
/// By default, `HashMap` uses a hashing algorithm selected to provide
/// resistance against HashDoS attacks. The algorithm is randomly seeded, and a
/// reasonable best-effort is made to generate this seed from a high quality,
/// secure source of randomness provided by the host without blocking the
/// program. Because of this, the randomness of the seed depends on the output
/// quality of the system's random number coroutine when the seed is created.
/// In particular, seeds generated when the system's entropy pool is abnormally
/// low such as during system boot may be of a lower quality.
///
/// The default hashing algorithm is currently SipHash 1-3, though this is
/// subject to change at any point in the future. While its performance is very
/// competitive for medium sized keys, other hashing algorithms will outperform
/// it for small keys such as integers as well as large keys such as long
/// strings, though those algorithms will typically *not* protect against
/// attacks such as HashDoS.
///
/// The hashing algorithm can be replaced on a per-`HashMap` basis using the
/// [`default`], [`with_hasher`], and [`with_capacity_and_hasher`] methods.
/// There are many alternative [hashing algorithms available on crates.io].
///
/// It is required that the keys implement the [`Eq`] and [`Hash`] traits, although
/// this can frequently be achieved by using `#[derive(PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]`.
/// If you implement these yourself, it is important that the following
/// property holds:
///
/// ```text
/// k1 == k2 -> hash(k1) == hash(k2)
/// ```
///
/// In other words, if two keys are equal, their hashes must be equal.
/// Violating this property is a logic error.
///
/// It is also a logic error for a key to be modified in such a way that the key's
/// hash, as determined by the [`Hash`] trait, or its equality, as determined by
/// the [`Eq`] trait, changes while it is in the map. This is normally only
/// possible through [`Cell`], [`RefCell`], global state, I/O, or unsafe code.
///
/// The behavior resulting from either logic error is not specified, but will
/// be encapsulated to the `HashMap` that observed the logic error and not
/// result in undefined behavior. This could include panics, incorrect results,
/// aborts, memory leaks, and non-termination.
///
/// The hash table implementation is a Rust port of Google's [SwissTable].
/// The original C++ version of SwissTable can be found [here], and this
/// [CppCon talk] gives an overview of how the algorithm works.
///
/// [hash map]: crate::collections#use-a-hashmap-when
/// [hashing algorithms available on crates.io]: https://crates.io/keywords/hasher
/// [SwissTable]: https://abseil.io/blog/20180927-swisstables
/// [here]: https://github.com/abseil/abseil-cpp/blob/master/absl/container/internal/raw_hash_set.h
/// [CppCon talk]: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ncHmEUmJZf4
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// use std::collections::HashMap;
///
/// // Type inference lets us omit an explicit type signature (which
/// // would be `HashMap<String, String>` in this example).
/// let mut book_reviews = HashMap::new();
///
/// // Review some books.
/// book_reviews.insert(
///     "Adventures of Huckleberry Finn".to_string(),
///     "My favorite book.".to_string(),
/// );
/// book_reviews.insert(
///     "Grimms' Fairy Tales".to_string(),
///     "Masterpiece.".to_string(),
/// );
/// book_reviews.insert(
///     "Pride and Prejudice".to_string(),
///     "Very enjoyable.".to_string(),
/// );
/// book_reviews.insert(
///     "The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes".to_string(),
///     "Eye lyked it alot.".to_string(),
/// );
///
/// // Check for a specific one.
/// // When collections store owned values (String), they can still be
/// // queried using references (&str).
/// if !book_reviews.contains_key("Les Misérables") {
///     println!("We've got {} reviews, but Les Misérables ain't one.",
///              book_reviews.len());
/// }
///
/// // oops, this review has a lot of spelling mistakes, let's delete it.
/// book_reviews.remove("The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes");
///
/// // Look up the values associated with some keys.
/// let to_find = ["Pride and Prejudice", "Alice's Adventure in Wonderland"];
/// for &book in &to_find {
///     match book_reviews.get(book) {
///         Some(review) => println!("{book}: {review}"),
///         None => println!("{book} is unreviewed.")
///     }
/// }
///
/// // Look up the value for a key (will panic if the key is not found).
/// println!("Review for Jane: {}", book_reviews["Pride and Prejudice"]);
///
/// // Iterate over everything.
/// for (book, review) in &book_reviews {
///     println!("{book}: \"{review}\"");
/// }
/// ```
///
/// A `HashMap` with a known list of items can be initialized from an array:
///
/// ```
/// use std::collections::HashMap;
///
/// let solar_distance = HashMap::from([
///     ("Mercury", 0.4),
///     ("Venus", 0.7),
///     ("Earth", 1.0),
///     ("Mars", 1.5),
/// ]);
/// ```
///
/// ## `Entry` API
///
/// `HashMap` implements an [`Entry` API](#method.entry), which allows
/// for complex methods of getting, setting, updating and removing keys and
/// their values:
///
/// ```
/// use std::collections::HashMap;
///
/// // type inference lets us omit an explicit type signature (which
/// // would be `HashMap<&str, u8>` in this example).
/// let mut player_stats = HashMap::new();
///
/// fn random_stat_buff() -> u8 {
///     // could actually return some random value here - let's just return
///     // some fixed value for now
///     42
/// }
///
/// // insert a key only if it doesn't already exist
/// player_stats.entry("health").or_insert(100);
///
/// // insert a key using a function that provides a new value only if it
/// // doesn't already exist
/// player_stats.entry("defence").or_insert_with(random_stat_buff);
///
/// // update a key, guarding against the key possibly not being set
/// let stat = player_stats.entry("attack").or_insert(100);
/// *stat += random_stat_buff();
///
/// // modify an entry before an insert with in-place mutation
/// player_stats.entry("mana").and_modify(|mana| *mana += 200).or_insert(100);
/// ```
///
/// ## Usage with custom key types
///
/// The easiest way to use `HashMap` with a custom key type is to derive [`Eq`] and [`Hash`].
/// We must also derive [`PartialEq`].
///
/// [`RefCell`]: crate::cell::RefCell
/// [`Cell`]: crate::cell::Cell
/// [`default`]: Default::default
/// [`with_hasher`]: Self::with_hasher
/// [`with_capacity_and_hasher`]: Self::with_capacity_and_hasher
///
/// ```
/// use std::collections::HashMap;
///
/// #[derive(Hash, Eq, PartialEq, Debug)]
/// struct Viking {
///     name: String,
///     country: String,
/// }
///
/// impl Viking {
///     /// Creates a new Viking.
///     fn new(name: &str, country: &str) -> Viking {
///         Viking { name: name.to_string(), country: country.to_string() }
///     }
/// }
///
/// // Use a HashMap to store the vikings' health points.
/// let vikings = HashMap::from([
///     (Viking::new("Einar", "Norway"), 25),
///     (Viking::new("Olaf", "Denmark"), 24),
///     (Viking::new("Harald", "Iceland"), 12),
/// ]);
///
/// // Use derived implementation to print the status of the vikings.
/// for (viking, health) in &vikings {
///     println!("{viking:?} has {health} hp");
/// }
/// ```
///
/// # Usage in `const` and `static`
///
/// As explained above, `HashMap` is randomly seeded: each `HashMap` instance uses a different seed,
/// which means that `HashMap::new` normally cannot be used in a `const` or `static` initializer.
///
/// However, if you need to use a `HashMap` in a `const` or `static` initializer while retaining
/// random seed generation, you can wrap the `HashMap` in [`LazyLock`].
///
/// Alternatively, you can construct a `HashMap` in a `const` or `static` initializer using a different
/// hasher that does not rely on a random seed. **Be aware that a `HashMap` created this way is not
/// resistant to HashDoS attacks!**
///
/// [`LazyLock`]: crate::sync::LazyLock
/// ```rust
/// use std::collections::HashMap;
/// use std::hash::{BuildHasherDefault, DefaultHasher};
/// use std::sync::{LazyLock, Mutex};
///
/// // HashMaps with a fixed, non-random hasher
/// const NONRANDOM_EMPTY_MAP: HashMap<String, Vec<i32>, BuildHasherDefault<DefaultHasher>> =
///     HashMap::with_hasher(BuildHasherDefault::new());
/// static NONRANDOM_MAP: Mutex<HashMap<String, Vec<i32>, BuildHasherDefault<DefaultHasher>>> =
///     Mutex::new(HashMap::with_hasher(BuildHasherDefault::new()));
///
/// // HashMaps using LazyLock to retain random seeding
/// const RANDOM_EMPTY_MAP: LazyLock<HashMap<String, Vec<i32>>> =
///     LazyLock::new(HashMap::new);
/// static RANDOM_MAP: LazyLock<Mutex<HashMap<String, Vec<i32>>>> =
///     LazyLock::new(|| Mutex::new(HashMap::new()));
/// ```

#[cfg_attr(not(test), rustc_diagnostic_item = "HashMap")]
#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
#[rustc_insignificant_dtor]
pub struct HashMap<
    K,
    V,
    S = RandomState,
    #[unstable(feature = "allocator_api", issue = "32838")] A: Allocator = Global,
> {
    base: base::HashMap<K, V, S, A>,
}

impl<K, V> HashMap<K, V, RandomState> {
    /// Creates an empty `HashMap`.
    ///
    /// The hash map is initially created with a capacity of 0, so it will not allocate until it
    /// is first inserted into.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::collections::HashMap;
    /// let mut map: HashMap<&str, i32> = HashMap::new();
    /// ```
    #[inline]
    #[must_use]
    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
    pub fn new() -> HashMap<K, V, RandomState> {
        Default::default()
    }

    /// Creates an empty `HashMap` with at least the specified capacity.
    ///
    /// The hash map will be able to hold at least `capacity` elements without
    /// reallocating. This method is allowed to allocate for more elements than
    /// `capacity`. If `capacity` is zero, the hash map will not allocate.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::collections::HashMap;
    /// let mut map: HashMap<&str, i32> = HashMap::with_capacity(10);
    /// ```
    #[inline]
    #[must_use]
    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
    pub fn with_capacity(capacity: usize) -> HashMap<K, V, RandomState> {
        HashMap::with_capacity_and_hasher(capacity, Default::default())
    }
}

impl<K, V, A: Allocator> HashMap<K, V, RandomState, A> {
    /// Creates an empty `HashMap` using the given allocator.
    ///
    /// The hash map is initially created with a capacity of 0, so it will not allocate until it
    /// is first inserted into.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::collections::HashMap;
    /// let mut map: HashMap<&str, i32> = HashMap::new();
    /// ```
    #[inline]
    #[must_use]
    #[unstable(feature = "allocator_api", issue = "32838")]
    pub fn new_in(alloc: A) -> Self {
        HashMap::with_hasher_in(Default::default(), alloc)
    }

    /// Creates an empty `HashMap` with at least the specified capacity using
    /// the given allocator.
    ///
    /// The hash map will be able to hold at least `capacity` elements without
    /// reallocating. This method is allowed to allocate for more elements than
    /// `capacity`. If `capacity` is zero, the hash map will not allocate.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::collections::HashMap;
    /// let mut map: HashMap<&str, i32> = HashMap::with_capacity(10);
    /// ```
    #[inline]
    #[must_use]
    #[unstable(feature = "allocator_api", issue = "32838")]
    pub fn with_capacity_in(capacity: usize, alloc: A) -> Self {
        HashMap::with_capacity_and_hasher_in(capacity, Default::default(), alloc)
    }
}

impl<K, V, S> HashMap<K, V, S> {
    /// Creates an empty `HashMap` which will use the given hash builder to hash
    /// keys.
    ///
    /// The created map has the default initial capacity.
    ///
    /// Warning: `hash_builder` is normally randomly generated, and
    /// is designed to allow HashMaps to be resistant to attacks that
    /// cause many collisions and very poor performance. Setting it
    /// manually using this function can expose a DoS attack vector.
    ///
    /// The `hash_builder` passed should implement the [`BuildHasher`] trait for
    /// the `HashMap` to be useful, see its documentation for details.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::collections::HashMap;
    /// use std::hash::RandomState;
    ///
    /// let s = RandomState::new();
    /// let mut map = HashMap::with_hasher(s);
    /// map.insert(1, 2);
    /// ```
    #[inline]
    #[must_use]
    #[stable(feature = "hashmap_build_hasher", since = "1.7.0")]
    #[rustc_const_stable(feature = "const_collections_with_hasher", since = "1.85.0")]
    pub const fn with_hasher(hash_builder: S) -> HashMap<K, V, S> {
        HashMap { base: base::HashMap::with_hasher(hash_builder) }
    }

    /// Creates an empty `HashMap` with at least the specified capacity, using
    /// `hasher` to hash the keys.
    ///
    /// The hash map will be able to hold at least `capacity` elements without
    /// reallocating. This method is allowed to allocate for more elements than
    /// `capacity`. If `capacity` is zero, the hash map will not allocate.
    ///
    /// Warning: `hasher` is normally randomly generated, and
    /// is designed to allow HashMaps to be resistant to attacks that
    /// cause many collisions and very poor performance. Setting it
    /// manually using this function can expose a DoS attack vector.
    ///
    /// The `hasher` passed should implement the [`BuildHasher`] trait for
    /// the `HashMap` to be useful, see its documentation for details.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::collections::HashMap;
    /// use std::hash::RandomState;
    ///
    /// let s = RandomState::new();
    /// let mut map = HashMap::with_capacity_and_hasher(10, s);
    /// map.insert(1, 2);
    /// ```
    #[inline]
    #[must_use]
    #[stable(feature = "hashmap_build_hasher", since = "1.7.0")]
    pub fn with_capacity_and_hasher(capacity: usize, hasher: S) -> HashMap<K, V, S> {
        HashMap { base: base::HashMap::with_capacity_and_hasher(capacity, hasher) }
    }
}

impl<K, V, S, A: Allocator> HashMap<K, V, S, A> {
    /// Creates an empty `HashMap` which will use the given hash builder and
    /// allocator.
    ///
    /// The created map has the default initial capacity.
    ///
    /// Warning: `hash_builder` is normally randomly generated, and
    /// is designed to allow HashMaps to be resistant to attacks that
    /// cause many collisions and very poor performance. Setting it
    /// manually using this function can expose a DoS attack vector.
    ///
    /// The `hash_builder` passed should implement the [`BuildHasher`] trait for
    /// the `HashMap` to be useful, see its documentation for details.
    #[inline]
    #[must_use]
    #[unstable(feature = "allocator_api", issue = "32838")]
    pub fn with_hasher_in(hash_builder: S, alloc: A) -> Self {
        HashMap { base: base::HashMap::with_hasher_in(hash_builder, alloc) }
    }

    /// Creates an empty `HashMap` with at least the specified capacity, using
    /// `hasher` to hash the keys and `alloc` to allocate memory.
    ///
    /// The hash map will be able to hold at least `capacity` elements without
    /// reallocating. This method is allowed to allocate for more elements than
    /// `capacity`. If `capacity` is zero, the hash map will not allocate.
    ///
    /// Warning: `hasher` is normally randomly generated, and
    /// is designed to allow HashMaps to be resistant to attacks that
    /// cause many collisions and very poor performance. Setting it
    /// manually using this function can expose a DoS attack vector.
    ///
    /// The `hasher` passed should implement the [`BuildHasher`] trait for
    /// the `HashMap` to be useful, see its documentation for details.
    ///
    #[inline]
    #[must_use]
    #[unstable(feature = "allocator_api", issue = "32838")]
    pub fn with_capacity_and_hasher_in(capacity: usize, hash_builder: S, alloc: A) -> Self {
        HashMap { base: base::HashMap::with_capacity_and_hasher_in(capacity, hash_builder, alloc) }
    }

    /// Returns the number of elements the map can hold without reallocating.
    ///
    /// This number is a lower bound; the `HashMap<K, V>` might be able to hold
    /// more, but is guaranteed to be able to hold at least this many.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::collections::HashMap;
    /// let map: HashMap<i32, i32> = HashMap::with_capacity(100);
    /// assert!(map.capacity() >= 100);
    /// ```
    #[inline]
    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
    pub fn capacity(&self) -> usize {
        self.base.capacity()
    }

    /// An iterator visiting all keys in arbitrary order.
    /// The iterator element type is `&'a K`.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::collections::HashMap;
    ///
    /// let map = HashMap::from([
    ///     ("a", 1),
    ///     ("b", 2),
    ///     ("c", 3),
    /// ]);
    ///
    /// for key in map.keys() {
    ///     println!("{key}");
    /// }
    /// ```
    ///
    /// # Performance
    ///
    /// In the current implementation, iterating over keys takes O(capacity) time
    /// instead of O(len) because it internally visits empty buckets too.
    #[rustc_lint_query_instability]
    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
    pub fn keys(&self) -> Keys<'_, K, V> {
        Keys { inner: self.iter() }
    }

    /// Creates a consuming iterator visiting all the keys in arbitrary order.
    /// The map cannot be used after calling this.
    /// The iterator element type is `K`.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::collections::HashMap;
    ///
    /// let map = HashMap::from([
    ///     ("a", 1),
    ///     ("b", 2),
    ///     ("c", 3),
    /// ]);
    ///
    /// let mut vec: Vec<&str> = map.into_keys().collect();
    /// // The `IntoKeys` iterator produces keys in arbitrary order, so the
    /// // keys must be sorted to test them against a sorted array.
    /// vec.sort_unstable();
    /// assert_eq!(vec, ["a", "b", "c"]);
    /// ```
    ///
    /// # Performance
    ///
    /// In the current implementation, iterating over keys takes O(capacity) time
    /// instead of O(len) because it internally visits empty buckets too.
    #[inline]
    #[rustc_lint_query_instability]
    #[stable(feature = "map_into_keys_values", since = "1.54.0")]
    pub fn into_keys(self) -> IntoKeys<K, V, A> {
        IntoKeys { inner: self.into_iter() }
    }

    /// An iterator visiting all values in arbitrary order.
    /// The iterator element type is `&'a V`.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::collections::HashMap;
    ///
    /// let map = HashMap::from([
    ///     ("a", 1),
    ///     ("b", 2),
    ///     ("c", 3),
    /// ]);
    ///
    /// for val in map.values() {
    ///     println!("{val}");
    /// }
    /// ```
    ///
    /// # Performance
    ///
    /// In the current implementation, iterating over values takes O(capacity) time
    /// instead of O(len) because it internally visits empty buckets too.
    #[rustc_lint_query_instability]
    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
    pub fn values(&self) -> Values<'_, K, V> {
        Values { inner: self.iter() }
    }

    /// An iterator visiting all values mutably in arbitrary order.
    /// The iterator element type is `&'a mut V`.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::collections::HashMap;
    ///
    /// let mut map = HashMap::from([
    ///     ("a", 1),
    ///     ("b", 2),
    ///     ("c", 3),
    /// ]);
    ///
    /// for val in map.values_mut() {
    ///     *val = *val + 10;
    /// }
    ///
    /// for val in map.values() {
    ///     println!("{val}");
    /// }
    /// ```
    ///
    /// # Performance
    ///
    /// In the current implementation, iterating over values takes O(capacity) time
    /// instead of O(len) because it internally visits empty buckets too.
    #[rustc_lint_query_instability]
    #[stable(feature = "map_values_mut", since = "1.10.0")]
    pub fn values_mut(&mut self) -> ValuesMut<'_, K, V> {
        ValuesMut { inner: self.iter_mut() }
    }

    /// Creates a consuming iterator visiting all the values in arbitrary order.
    /// The map cannot be used after calling this.
    /// The iterator element type is `V`.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::collections::HashMap;
    ///
    /// let map = HashMap::from([
    ///     ("a", 1),
    ///     ("b", 2),
    ///     ("c", 3),
    /// ]);
    ///
    /// let mut vec: Vec<i32> = map.into_values().collect();
    /// // The `IntoValues` iterator produces values in arbitrary order, so
    /// // the values must be sorted to test them against a sorted array.
    /// vec.sort_unstable();
    /// assert_eq!(vec, [1, 2, 3]);
    /// ```
    ///
    /// # Performance
    ///
    /// In the current implementation, iterating over values takes O(capacity) time
    /// instead of O(len) because it internally visits empty buckets too.
    #[inline]
    #[rustc_lint_query_instability]
    #[stable(feature = "map_into_keys_values", since = "1.54.0")]
    pub fn into_values(self) -> IntoValues<K, V, A> {
        IntoValues { inner: self.into_iter() }
    }

    /// An iterator visiting all key-value pairs in arbitrary order.
    /// The iterator element type is `(&'a K, &'a V)`.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::collections::HashMap;
    ///
    /// let map = HashMap::from([
    ///     ("a", 1),
    ///     ("b", 2),
    ///     ("c", 3),
    /// ]);
    ///
    /// for (key, val) in map.iter() {
    ///     println!("key: {key} val: {val}");
    /// }
    /// ```
    ///
    /// # Performance
    ///
    /// In the current implementation, iterating over map takes O(capacity) time
    /// instead of O(len) because it internally visits empty buckets too.
    #[rustc_lint_query_instability]
    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
    pub fn iter(&self) -> Iter<'_, K, V> {
        Iter { base: self.base.iter() }
    }

    /// An iterator visiting all key-value pairs in arbitrary order,
    /// with mutable references to the values.
    /// The iterator element type is `(&'a K, &'a mut V)`.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::collections::HashMap;
    ///
    /// let mut map = HashMap::from([
    ///     ("a", 1),
    ///     ("b", 2),
    ///     ("c", 3),
    /// ]);
    ///
    /// // Update all values
    /// for (_, val) in map.iter_mut() {
    ///     *val *= 2;
    /// }
    ///
    /// for (key, val) in &map {
    ///     println!("key: {key} val: {val}");
    /// }
    /// ```
    ///
    /// # Performance
    ///
    /// In the current implementation, iterating over map takes O(capacity) time
    /// instead of O(len) because it internally visits empty buckets too.
    #[rustc_lint_query_instability]
    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
    pub fn iter_mut(&mut self) -> IterMut<'_, K, V> {
        IterMut { base: self.base.iter_mut() }
    }

    /// Returns the number of elements in the map.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::collections::HashMap;
    ///
    /// let mut a = HashMap::new();
    /// assert_eq!(a.len(), 0);
    /// a.insert(1, "a");
    /// assert_eq!(a.len(), 1);
    /// ```
    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
    pub fn len(&self) -> usize {
        self.base.len()
    }

    /// Returns `true` if the map contains no elements.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::collections::HashMap;
    ///
    /// let mut a = HashMap::new();
    /// assert!(a.is_empty());
    /// a.insert(1, "a");
    /// assert!(!a.is_empty());
    /// ```
    #[inline]
    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
    pub fn is_empty(&self) -> bool {
        self.base.is_empty()
    }

    /// Clears the map, returning all key-value pairs as an iterator. Keeps the
    /// allocated memory for reuse.
    ///
    /// If the returned iterator is dropped before being fully consumed, it
    /// drops the remaining key-value pairs. The returned iterator keeps a
    /// mutable borrow on the map to optimize its implementation.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::collections::HashMap;
    ///
    /// let mut a = HashMap::new();
    /// a.insert(1, "a");
    /// a.insert(2, "b");
    ///
    /// for (k, v) in a.drain().take(1) {
    ///     assert!(k == 1 || k == 2);
    ///     assert!(v == "a" || v == "b");
    /// }
    ///
    /// assert!(a.is_empty());
    /// ```
    #[inline]
    #[rustc_lint_query_instability]
    #[stable(feature = "drain", since = "1.6.0")]
    pub fn drain(&mut self) -> Drain<'_, K, V, A> {
        Drain { base: self.base.drain() }
    }

    /// Creates an iterator which uses a closure to determine if an element (key-value pair) should be removed.
    ///
    /// If the closure returns `true`, the element is removed from the map and
    /// yielded. If the closure returns `false`, or panics, the element remains
    /// in the map and will not be yielded.
    ///
    /// The iterator also lets you mutate the value of each element in the
    /// closure, regardless of whether you choose to keep or remove it.
    ///
    /// If the returned `ExtractIf` is not exhausted, e.g. because it is dropped without iterating
    /// or the iteration short-circuits, then the remaining elements will be retained.
    /// Use [`retain`] with a negated predicate if you do not need the returned iterator.
    ///
    /// [`retain`]: HashMap::retain
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// Splitting a map into even and odd keys, reusing the original map:
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::collections::HashMap;
    ///
    /// let mut map: HashMap<i32, i32> = (0..8).map(|x| (x, x)).collect();
    /// let extracted: HashMap<i32, i32> = map.extract_if(|k, _v| k % 2 == 0).collect();
    ///
    /// let mut evens = extracted.keys().copied().collect::<Vec<_>>();
    /// let mut odds = map.keys().copied().collect::<Vec<_>>();
    /// evens.sort();
    /// odds.sort();
    ///
    /// assert_eq!(evens, vec![0, 2, 4, 6]);
    /// assert_eq!(odds, vec![1, 3, 5, 7]);
    /// ```
    #[inline]
    #[rustc_lint_query_instability]
    #[stable(feature = "hash_extract_if", since = "1.88.0")]
    pub fn extract_if<F>(&mut self, pred: F) -> ExtractIf<'_, K, V, F, A>
    where
        F: FnMut(&K, &mut V) -> bool,
    {
        ExtractIf { base: self.base.extract_if(pred) }
    }

    /// Retains only the elements specified by the predicate.
    ///
    /// In other words, remove all pairs `(k, v)` for which `f(&k, &mut v)` returns `false`.
    /// The elements are visited in unsorted (and unspecified) order.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::collections::HashMap;
    ///
    /// let mut map: HashMap<i32, i32> = (0..8).map(|x| (x, x*10)).collect();
    /// map.retain(|&k, _| k % 2 == 0);
    /// assert_eq!(map.len(), 4);
    /// ```
    ///
    /// # Performance
    ///
    /// In the current implementation, this operation takes O(capacity) time
    /// instead of O(len) because it internally visits empty buckets too.
    #[inline]
    #[rustc_lint_query_instability]
    #[stable(feature = "retain_hash_collection", since = "1.18.0")]
    pub fn retain<F>(&mut self, f: F)
    where
        F: FnMut(&K, &mut V) -> bool,
    {
        self.base.retain(f)
    }

    /// Clears the map, removing all key-value pairs. Keeps the allocated memory
    /// for reuse.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::collections::HashMap;
    ///
    /// let mut a = HashMap::new();
    /// a.insert(1, "a");
    /// a.clear();
    /// assert!(a.is_empty());
    /// ```
    #[inline]
    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
    pub fn clear(&mut self) {
        self.base.clear();
    }

    /// Returns a reference to the map's [`BuildHasher`].
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::collections::HashMap;
    /// use std::hash::RandomState;
    ///
    /// let hasher = RandomState::new();
    /// let map: HashMap<i32, i32> = HashMap::with_hasher(hasher);
    /// let hasher: &RandomState = map.hasher();
    /// ```
    #[inline]
    #[stable(feature = "hashmap_public_hasher", since = "1.9.0")]
    pub fn hasher(&self) -> &S {
        self.base.hasher()
    }
}

impl<K, V, S, A> HashMap<K, V, S, A>
where
    K: Eq + Hash,
    S: BuildHasher,
    A: Allocator,
{
    /// Reserves capacity for at least `additional` more elements to be inserted
    /// in the `HashMap`. The collection may reserve more space to speculatively
    /// avoid frequent reallocations. After calling `reserve`,
    /// capacity will be greater than or equal to `self.len() + additional`.
    /// Does nothing if capacity is already sufficient.
    ///
    /// # Panics
    ///
    /// Panics if the new allocation size overflows [`usize`].
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::collections::HashMap;
    /// let mut map: HashMap<&str, i32> = HashMap::new();
    /// map.reserve(10);
    /// ```
    #[inline]
    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
    pub fn reserve(&mut self, additional: usize) {
        self.base.reserve(additional)
    }

    /// Tries to reserve capacity for at least `additional` more elements to be inserted
    /// in the `HashMap`. The collection may reserve more space to speculatively
    /// avoid frequent reallocations. After calling `try_reserve`,
    /// capacity will be greater than or equal to `self.len() + additional` if
    /// it returns `Ok(())`.
    /// Does nothing if capacity is already sufficient.
    ///
    /// # Errors
    ///
    /// If the capacity overflows, or the allocator reports a failure, then an error
    /// is returned.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::collections::HashMap;
    ///
    /// let mut map: HashMap<&str, isize> = HashMap::new();
    /// map.try_reserve(10).expect("why is the test harness OOMing on a handful of bytes?");
    /// ```
    #[inline]
    #[stable(feature = "try_reserve", since = "1.57.0")]
    pub fn try_reserve(&mut self, additional: usize) -> Result<(), TryReserveError> {
        self.base.try_reserve(additional).map_err(map_try_reserve_error)
    }

    /// Shrinks the capacity of the map as much as possible. It will drop
    /// down as much as possible while maintaining the internal rules
    /// and possibly leaving some space in accordance with the resize policy.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::collections::HashMap;
    ///
    /// let mut map: HashMap<i32, i32> = HashMap::with_capacity(100);
    /// map.insert(1, 2);
    /// map.insert(3, 4);
    /// assert!(map.capacity() >= 100);
    /// map.shrink_to_fit();
    /// assert!(map.capacity() >= 2);
    /// ```
    #[inline]
    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
    pub fn shrink_to_fit(&mut self) {
        self.base.shrink_to_fit();
    }

    /// Shrinks the capacity of the map with a lower limit. It will drop
    /// down no lower than the supplied limit while maintaining the internal rules
    /// and possibly leaving some space in accordance with the resize policy.
    ///
    /// If the current capacity is less than the lower limit, this is a no-op.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::collections::HashMap;
    ///
    /// let mut map: HashMap<i32, i32> = HashMap::with_capacity(100);
    /// map.insert(1, 2);
    /// map.insert(3, 4);
    /// assert!(map.capacity() >= 100);
    /// map.shrink_to(10);
    /// assert!(map.capacity() >= 10);
    /// map.shrink_to(0);
    /// assert!(map.capacity() >= 2);
    /// ```
    #[inline]
    #[stable(feature = "shrink_to", since = "1.56.0")]
    pub fn shrink_to(&mut self, min_capacity: usize) {
        self.base.shrink_to(min_capacity);
    }

    /// Gets the given key's corresponding entry in the map for in-place manipulation.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::collections::HashMap;
    ///
    /// let mut letters = HashMap::new();
    ///
    /// for ch in "a short treatise on fungi".chars() {
    ///     letters.entry(ch).and_modify(|counter| *counter += 1).or_insert(1);
    /// }
    ///
    /// assert_eq!(letters[&'s'], 2);
    /// assert_eq!(letters[&'t'], 3);
    /// assert_eq!(letters[&'u'], 1);
    /// assert_eq!(letters.get(&'y'), None);
    /// ```
    #[inline]
    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
    pub fn entry(&mut self, key: K) -> Entry<'_, K, V, A> {
        map_entry(self.base.rustc_entry(key))
    }

    /// Returns a reference to the value corresponding to the key.
    ///
    /// The key may be any borrowed form of the map's key type, but
    /// [`Hash`] and [`Eq`] on the borrowed form *must* match those for
    /// the key type.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::collections::HashMap;
    ///
    /// let mut map = HashMap::new();
    /// map.insert(1, "a");
    /// assert_eq!(map.get(&1), Some(&"a"));
    /// assert_eq!(map.get(&2), None);
    /// ```
    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
    #[inline]
    pub fn get<Q: ?Sized>(&self, k: &Q) -> Option<&V>
    where
        K: Borrow<Q>,
        Q: Hash + Eq,
    {
        self.base.get(k)
    }

    /// Returns the key-value pair corresponding to the supplied key. This is
    /// potentially useful:
    /// - for key types where non-identical keys can be considered equal;
    /// - for getting the `&K` stored key value from a borrowed `&Q` lookup key; or
    /// - for getting a reference to a key with the same lifetime as the collection.
    ///
    /// The supplied key may be any borrowed form of the map's key type, but
    /// [`Hash`] and [`Eq`] on the borrowed form *must* match those for
    /// the key type.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::collections::HashMap;
    /// use std::hash::{Hash, Hasher};
    ///
    /// #[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug)]
    /// struct S {
    ///     id: u32,
    /// #   #[allow(unused)] // prevents a "field `name` is never read" error
    ///     name: &'static str, // ignored by equality and hashing operations
    /// }
    ///
    /// impl PartialEq for S {
    ///     fn eq(&self, other: &S) -> bool {
    ///         self.id == other.id
    ///     }
    /// }
    ///
    /// impl Eq for S {}
    ///
    /// impl Hash for S {
    ///     fn hash<H: Hasher>(&self, state: &mut H) {
    ///         self.id.hash(state);
    ///     }
    /// }
    ///
    /// let j_a = S { id: 1, name: "Jessica" };
    /// let j_b = S { id: 1, name: "Jess" };
    /// let p = S { id: 2, name: "Paul" };
    /// assert_eq!(j_a, j_b);
    ///
    /// let mut map = HashMap::new();
    /// map.insert(j_a, "Paris");
    /// assert_eq!(map.get_key_value(&j_a), Some((&j_a, &"Paris")));
    /// assert_eq!(map.get_key_value(&j_b), Some((&j_a, &"Paris"))); // the notable case
    /// assert_eq!(map.get_key_value(&p), None);
    /// ```
    #[inline]
    #[stable(feature = "map_get_key_value", since = "1.40.0")]
    pub fn get_key_value<Q: ?Sized>(&self, k: &Q) -> Option<(&K, &V)>
    where
        K: Borrow<Q>,
        Q: Hash + Eq,
    {
        self.base.get_key_value(k)
    }

    /// Attempts to get mutable references to `N` values in the map at once.
    ///
    /// Returns an array of length `N` with the results of each query. For soundness, at most one
    /// mutable reference will be returned to any value. `None` will be used if the key is missing.
    ///
    /// This method performs a check to ensure there are no duplicate keys, which currently has a time-complexity of O(n^2),
    /// so be careful when passing many keys.
    ///
    /// # Panics
    ///
    /// Panics if any keys are overlapping.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::collections::HashMap;
    ///
    /// let mut libraries = HashMap::new();
    /// libraries.insert("Bodleian Library".to_string(), 1602);
    /// libraries.insert("Athenæum".to_string(), 1807);
    /// libraries.insert("Herzogin-Anna-Amalia-Bibliothek".to_string(), 1691);
    /// libraries.insert("Library of Congress".to_string(), 1800);
    ///
    /// // Get Athenæum and Bodleian Library
    /// let [Some(a), Some(b)] = libraries.get_disjoint_mut([
    ///     "Athenæum",
    ///     "Bodleian Library",
    /// ]) else { panic!() };
    ///
    /// // Assert values of Athenæum and Library of Congress
    /// let got = libraries.get_disjoint_mut([
    ///     "Athenæum",
    ///     "Library of Congress",
    /// ]);
    /// assert_eq!(
    ///     got,
    ///     [
    ///         Some(&mut 1807),
    ///         Some(&mut 1800),
    ///     ],
    /// );
    ///
    /// // Missing keys result in None
    /// let got = libraries.get_disjoint_mut([
    ///     "Athenæum",
    ///     "New York Public Library",
    /// ]);
    /// assert_eq!(
    ///     got,
    ///     [
    ///         Some(&mut 1807),
    ///         None
    ///     ]
    /// );
    /// ```
    ///
    /// ```should_panic
    /// use std::collections::HashMap;
    ///
    /// let mut libraries = HashMap::new();
    /// libraries.insert("Athenæum".to_string(), 1807);
    ///
    /// // Duplicate keys panic!
    /// let got = libraries.get_disjoint_mut([
    ///     "Athenæum",
    ///     "Athenæum",
    /// ]);
    /// ```
    #[inline]
    #[doc(alias = "get_many_mut")]
    #[stable(feature = "map_many_mut", since = "1.86.0")]
    pub fn get_disjoint_mut<Q: ?Sized, const N: usize>(
        &mut self,
        ks: [&Q; N],
    ) -> [Option<&'_ mut V>; N]
    where
        K: Borrow<Q>,
        Q: Hash + Eq,
    {
        self.base.get_disjoint_mut(ks)
    }

    /// Attempts to get mutable references to `N` values in the map at once, without validating that
    /// the values are unique.
    ///
    /// Returns an array of length `N` with the results of each query. `None` will be used if
    /// the key is missing.
    ///
    /// For a safe alternative see [`get_disjoint_mut`](`HashMap::get_disjoint_mut`).
    ///
    /// # Safety
    ///
    /// Calling this method with overlapping keys is *[undefined behavior]* even if the resulting
    /// references are not used.
    ///
    /// [undefined behavior]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/behavior-considered-undefined.html
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::collections::HashMap;
    ///
    /// let mut libraries = HashMap::new();
    /// libraries.insert("Bodleian Library".to_string(), 1602);
    /// libraries.insert("Athenæum".to_string(), 1807);
    /// libraries.insert("Herzogin-Anna-Amalia-Bibliothek".to_string(), 1691);
    /// libraries.insert("Library of Congress".to_string(), 1800);
    ///
    /// // SAFETY: The keys do not overlap.
    /// let [Some(a), Some(b)] = (unsafe { libraries.get_disjoint_unchecked_mut([
    ///     "Athenæum",
    ///     "Bodleian Library",
    /// ]) }) else { panic!() };
    ///
    /// // SAFETY: The keys do not overlap.
    /// let got = unsafe { libraries.get_disjoint_unchecked_mut([
    ///     "Athenæum",
    ///     "Library of Congress",
    /// ]) };
    /// assert_eq!(
    ///     got,
    ///     [
    ///         Some(&mut 1807),
    ///         Some(&mut 1800),
    ///     ],
    /// );
    ///
    /// // SAFETY: The keys do not overlap.
    /// let got = unsafe { libraries.get_disjoint_unchecked_mut([
    ///     "Athenæum",
    ///     "New York Public Library",
    /// ]) };
    /// // Missing keys result in None
    /// assert_eq!(got, [Some(&mut 1807), None]);
    /// ```
    #[inline]
    #[doc(alias = "get_many_unchecked_mut")]
    #[stable(feature = "map_many_mut", since = "1.86.0")]
    pub unsafe fn get_disjoint_unchecked_mut<Q: ?Sized, const N: usize>(
        &mut self,
        ks: [&Q; N],
    ) -> [Option<&'_ mut V>; N]
    where
        K: Borrow<Q>,
        Q: Hash + Eq,
    {
        unsafe { self.base.get_disjoint_unchecked_mut(ks) }
    }

    /// Returns `true` if the map contains a value for the specified key.
    ///
    /// The key may be any borrowed form of the map's key type, but
    /// [`Hash`] and [`Eq`] on the borrowed form *must* match those for
    /// the key type.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::collections::HashMap;
    ///
    /// let mut map = HashMap::new();
    /// map.insert(1, "a");
    /// assert_eq!(map.contains_key(&1), true);
    /// assert_eq!(map.contains_key(&2), false);
    /// ```
    #[inline]
    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
    #[cfg_attr(not(test), rustc_diagnostic_item = "hashmap_contains_key")]
    pub fn contains_key<Q: ?Sized>(&self, k: &Q) -> bool
    where
        K: Borrow<Q>,
        Q: Hash + Eq,
    {
        self.base.contains_key(k)
    }

    /// Returns a mutable reference to the value corresponding to the key.
    ///
    /// The key may be any borrowed form of the map's key type, but
    /// [`Hash`] and [`Eq`] on the borrowed form *must* match those for
    /// the key type.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::collections::HashMap;
    ///
    /// let mut map = HashMap::new();
    /// map.insert(1, "a");
    /// if let Some(x) = map.get_mut(&1) {
    ///     *x = "b";
    /// }
    /// assert_eq!(map[&1], "b");
    /// ```
    #[inline]
    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
    pub fn get_mut<Q: ?Sized>(&mut self, k: &Q) -> Option<&mut V>
    where
        K: Borrow<Q>,
        Q: Hash + Eq,
    {
        self.base.get_mut(k)
    }

    /// Inserts a key-value pair into the map.
    ///
    /// If the map did not have this key present, [`None`] is returned.
    ///
    /// If the map did have this key present, the value is updated, and the old
    /// value is returned. The key is not updated, though; this matters for
    /// types that can be `==` without being identical. See the [module-level
    /// documentation] for more.
    ///
    /// [module-level documentation]: crate::collections#insert-and-complex-keys
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::collections::HashMap;
    ///
    /// let mut map = HashMap::new();
    /// assert_eq!(map.insert(37, "a"), None);
    /// assert_eq!(map.is_empty(), false);
    ///
    /// map.insert(37, "b");
    /// assert_eq!(map.insert(37, "c"), Some("b"));
    /// assert_eq!(map[&37], "c");
    /// ```
    #[inline]
    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
    #[rustc_confusables("push", "append", "put")]
    #[cfg_attr(not(test), rustc_diagnostic_item = "hashmap_insert")]
    pub fn insert(&mut self, k: K, v: V) -> Option<V> {
        self.base.insert(k, v)
    }

    /// Tries to insert a key-value pair into the map, and returns
    /// a mutable reference to the value in the entry.
    ///
    /// If the map already had this key present, nothing is updated, and
    /// an error containing the occupied entry and the value is returned.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// Basic usage:
    ///
    /// ```
    /// #![feature(map_try_insert)]
    ///
    /// use std::collections::HashMap;
    ///
    /// let mut map = HashMap::new();
    /// assert_eq!(map.try_insert(37, "a").unwrap(), &"a");
    ///
    /// let err = map.try_insert(37, "b").unwrap_err();
    /// assert_eq!(err.entry.key(), &37);
    /// assert_eq!(err.entry.get(), &"a");
    /// assert_eq!(err.value, "b");
    /// ```
    #[unstable(feature = "map_try_insert", issue = "82766")]
    pub fn try_insert(&mut self, key: K, value: V) -> Result<&mut V, OccupiedError<'_, K, V, A>> {
        match self.entry(key) {
            Occupied(entry) => Err(OccupiedError { entry, value }),
            Vacant(entry) => Ok(entry.insert(value)),
        }
    }

    /// Removes a key from the map, returning the value at the key if the key
    /// was previously in the map.
    ///
    /// The key may be any borrowed form of the map's key type, but
    /// [`Hash`] and [`Eq`] on the borrowed form *must* match those for
    /// the key type.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::collections::HashMap;
    ///
    /// let mut map = HashMap::new();
    /// map.insert(1, "a");
    /// assert_eq!(map.remove(&1), Some("a"));
    /// assert_eq!(map.remove(&1), None);
    /// ```
    #[inline]
    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
    #[rustc_confusables("delete", "take")]
    pub fn remove<Q: ?Sized>(&mut self, k: &Q) -> Option<V>
    where
        K: Borrow<Q>,
        Q: Hash + Eq,
    {
        self.base.remove(k)
    }

    /// Removes a key from the map, returning the stored key and value if the
    /// key was previously in the map.
    ///
    /// The key may be any borrowed form of the map's key type, but
    /// [`Hash`] and [`Eq`] on the borrowed form *must* match those for
    /// the key type.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::collections::HashMap;
    ///
    /// # fn main() {
    /// let mut map = HashMap::new();
    /// map.insert(1, "a");
    /// assert_eq!(map.remove_entry(&1), Some((1, "a")));
    /// assert_eq!(map.remove(&1), None);
    /// # }
    /// ```
    #[inline]
    #[stable(feature = "hash_map_remove_entry", since = "1.27.0")]
    pub fn remove_entry<Q: ?Sized>(&mut self, k: &Q) -> Option<(K, V)>
    where
        K: Borrow<Q>,
        Q: Hash + Eq,
    {
        self.base.remove_entry(k)
    }
}

#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
impl<K, V, S, A> Clone for HashMap<K, V, S, A>
where
    K: Clone,
    V: Clone,
    S: Clone,
    A: Allocator + Clone,
{
    #[inline]
    fn clone(&self) -> Self {
        Self { base: self.base.clone() }
    }

    #[inline]
    fn clone_from(&mut self, source: &Self) {
        self.base.clone_from(&source.base);
    }
}

#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
impl<K, V, S, A> PartialEq for HashMap<K, V, S, A>
where
    K: Eq + Hash,
    V: PartialEq,
    S: BuildHasher,
    A: Allocator,
{
    fn eq(&self, other: &HashMap<K, V, S, A>) -> bool {
        if self.len() != other.len() {
            return false;
        }

        self.iter().all(|(key, value)| other.get(key).map_or(false, |v| *value == *v))
    }
}

#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
impl<K, V, S, A> Eq for HashMap<K, V, S, A>
where
    K: Eq + Hash,
    V: Eq,
    S: BuildHasher,
    A: Allocator,
{
}

#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
impl<K, V, S, A> Debug for HashMap<K, V, S, A>
where
    K: Debug,
    V: Debug,
    A: Allocator,
{
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
        f.debug_map().entries(self.iter()).finish()
    }
}

#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
#[rustc_const_unstable(feature = "const_default", issue = "143894")]
impl<K, V, S> const Default for HashMap<K, V, S>
where
    S: [const] Default,
{
    /// Creates an empty `HashMap<K, V, S>`, with the `Default` value for the hasher.
    #[inline]
    fn default() -> HashMap<K, V, S> {
        HashMap::with_hasher(Default::default())
    }
}

#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
impl<K, Q: ?Sized, V, S, A> Index<&Q> for HashMap<K, V, S, A>
where
    K: Eq + Hash + Borrow<Q>,
    Q: Eq + Hash,
    S: BuildHasher,
    A: Allocator,
{
    type Output = V;

    /// Returns a reference to the value corresponding to the supplied key.
    ///
    /// # Panics
    ///
    /// Panics if the key is not present in the `HashMap`.
    #[inline]
    fn index(&self, key: &Q) -> &V {
        self.get(key).expect("no entry found for key")
    }
}

#[stable(feature = "std_collections_from_array", since = "1.56.0")]
// Note: as what is currently the most convenient built-in way to construct
// a HashMap, a simple usage of this function must not *require* the user
// to provide a type annotation in order to infer the third type parameter
// (the hasher parameter, conventionally "S").
// To that end, this impl is defined using RandomState as the concrete
// type of S, rather than being generic over `S: BuildHasher + Default`.
// It is expected that users who want to specify a hasher will manually use
// `with_capacity_and_hasher`.
// If type parameter defaults worked on impls, and if type parameter
// defaults could be mixed with const generics, then perhaps
// this could be generalized.
// See also the equivalent impl on HashSet.
impl<K, V, const N: usize> From<[(K, V); N]> for HashMap<K, V, RandomState>
where
    K: Eq + Hash,
{
    /// Converts a `[(K, V); N]` into a `HashMap<K, V>`.
    ///
    /// If any entries in the array have equal keys,
    /// all but one of the corresponding values will be dropped.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::collections::HashMap;
    ///
    /// let map1 = HashMap::from([(1, 2), (3, 4)]);
    /// let map2: HashMap<_, _> = [(1, 2), (3, 4)].into();
    /// assert_eq!(map1, map2);
    /// ```
    fn from(arr: [(K, V); N]) -> Self {
        Self::from_iter(arr)
    }
}

/// An iterator over the entries of a `HashMap`.
///
/// This `struct` is created by the [`iter`] method on [`HashMap`]. See its
/// documentation for more.
///
/// [`iter`]: HashMap::iter
///
/// # Example
///
/// ```
/// use std::collections::HashMap;
///
/// let map = HashMap::from([
///     ("a", 1),
/// ]);
/// let iter = map.iter();
/// ```
#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
#[cfg_attr(not(test), rustc_diagnostic_item = "hashmap_iter_ty")]
pub struct Iter<'a, K: 'a, V: 'a> {
    base: base::Iter<'a, K, V>,
}

// FIXME(#26925) Remove in favor of `#[derive(Clone)]`
#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
impl<K, V> Clone for Iter<'_, K, V> {
    #[inline]
    fn clone(&self) -> Self {
        Iter { base: self.base.clone() }
    }
}

#[stable(feature = "default_iters_hash", since = "1.83.0")]
impl<K, V> Default for Iter<'_, K, V> {
    #[inline]
    fn default() -> Self {
        Iter { base: Default::default() }
    }
}

#[stable(feature = "std_debug", since = "1.16.0")]
impl<K: Debug, V: Debug> fmt::Debug for Iter<'_, K, V> {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
        f.debug_list().entries(self.clone()).finish()
    }
}

/// A mutable iterator over the entries of a `HashMap`.
///
/// This `struct` is created by the [`iter_mut`] method on [`HashMap`]. See its
/// documentation for more.
///
/// [`iter_mut`]: HashMap::iter_mut
///
/// # Example
///
/// ```
/// use std::collections::HashMap;
///
/// let mut map = HashMap::from([
///     ("a", 1),
/// ]);
/// let iter = map.iter_mut();
/// ```
#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
#[cfg_attr(not(test), rustc_diagnostic_item = "hashmap_iter_mut_ty")]
pub struct IterMut<'a, K: 'a, V: 'a> {
    base: base::IterMut<'a, K, V>,
}

impl<'a, K, V> IterMut<'a, K, V> {
    /// Returns an iterator of references over the remaining items.
    #[inline]
    pub(super) fn iter(&self) -> Iter<'_, K, V> {
        Iter { base: self.base.rustc_iter() }
    }
}

#[stable(feature = "default_iters_hash", since = "1.83.0")]
impl<K, V> Default for IterMut<'_, K, V> {
    #[inline]
    fn default() -> Self {
        IterMut { base: Default::default() }
    }
}

/// An owning iterator over the entries of a `HashMap`.
///
/// This `struct` is created by the [`into_iter`] method on [`HashMap`]
/// (provided by the [`IntoIterator`] trait). See its documentation for more.
///
/// [`into_iter`]: IntoIterator::into_iter
///
/// # Example
///
/// ```
/// use std::collections::HashMap;
///
/// let map = HashMap::from([
///     ("a", 1),
/// ]);
/// let iter = map.into_iter();
/// ```
#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
pub struct IntoIter<
    K,
    V,
    #[unstable(feature = "allocator_api", issue = "32838")] A: Allocator = Global,
> {
    base: base::IntoIter<K, V, A>,
}

impl<K, V, A: Allocator> IntoIter<K, V, A> {
    /// Returns an iterator of references over the remaining items.
    #[inline]
    pub(super) fn iter(&self) -> Iter<'_, K, V> {
        Iter { base: self.base.rustc_iter() }
    }
}

#[stable(feature = "default_iters_hash", since = "1.83.0")]
impl<K, V> Default for IntoIter<K, V> {
    #[inline]
    fn default() -> Self {
        IntoIter { base: Default::default() }
    }
}

/// An iterator over the keys of a `HashMap`.
///
/// This `struct` is created by the [`keys`] method on [`HashMap`]. See its
/// documentation for more.
///
/// [`keys`]: HashMap::keys
///
/// # Example
///
/// ```
/// use std::collections::HashMap;
///
/// let map = HashMap::from([
///     ("a", 1),
/// ]);
/// let iter_keys = map.keys();
/// ```
#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
#[cfg_attr(not(test), rustc_diagnostic_item = "hashmap_keys_ty")]
pub struct Keys<'a, K: 'a, V: 'a> {
    inner: Iter<'a, K, V>,
}

// FIXME(#26925) Remove in favor of `#[derive(Clone)]`
#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
impl<K, V> Clone for Keys<'_, K, V> {
    #[inline]
    fn clone(&self) -> Self {
        Keys { inner: self.inner.clone() }
    }
}

#[stable(feature = "default_iters_hash", since = "1.83.0")]
impl<K, V> Default for Keys<'_, K, V> {
    #[inline]
    fn default() -> Self {
        Keys { inner: Default::default() }
    }
}

#[stable(feature = "std_debug", since = "1.16.0")]
impl<K: Debug, V> fmt::Debug for Keys<'_, K, V> {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
        f.debug_list().entries(self.clone()).finish()
    }
}

/// An iterator over the values of a `HashMap`.
///
/// This `struct` is created by the [`values`] method on [`HashMap`]. See its
/// documentation for more.
///
/// [`values`]: HashMap::values
///
/// # Example
///
/// ```
/// use std::collections::HashMap;
///
/// let map = HashMap::from([
///     ("a", 1),
/// ]);
/// let iter_values = map.values();
/// ```
#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
#[cfg_attr(not(test), rustc_diagnostic_item = "hashmap_values_ty")]
pub struct Values<'a, K: 'a, V: 'a> {
    inner: Iter<'a, K, V>,
}

// FIXME(#26925) Remove in favor of `#[derive(Clone)]`
#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
impl<K, V> Clone for Values<'_, K, V> {
    #[inline]
    fn clone(&self) -> Self {
        Values { inner: self.inner.clone() }
    }
}

#[stable(feature = "default_iters_hash", since = "1.83.0")]
impl<K, V> Default for Values<'_, K, V> {
    #[inline]
    fn default() -> Self {
        Values { inner: Default::default() }
    }
}

#[stable(feature = "std_debug", since = "1.16.0")]
impl<K, V: Debug> fmt::Debug for Values<'_, K, V> {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
        f.debug_list().entries(self.clone()).finish()
    }
}

/// A draining iterator over the entries of a `HashMap`.
///
/// This `struct` is created by the [`drain`] method on [`HashMap`]. See its
/// documentation for more.
///
/// [`drain`]: HashMap::drain
///
/// # Example
///
/// ```
/// use std::collections::HashMap;
///
/// let mut map = HashMap::from([
///     ("a", 1),
/// ]);
/// let iter = map.drain();
/// ```
#[stable(feature = "drain", since = "1.6.0")]
#[cfg_attr(not(test), rustc_diagnostic_item = "hashmap_drain_ty")]
pub struct Drain<
    'a,
    K: 'a,
    V: 'a,
    #[unstable(feature = "allocator_api", issue = "32838")] A: Allocator = Global,
> {
    base: base::Drain<'a, K, V, A>,
}

impl<'a, K, V, A: Allocator> Drain<'a, K, V, A> {
    /// Returns an iterator of references over the remaining items.
    #[inline]
    pub(super) fn iter(&self) -> Iter<'_, K, V> {
        Iter { base: self.base.rustc_iter() }
    }
}

/// A draining, filtering iterator over the entries of a `HashMap`.
///
/// This `struct` is created by the [`extract_if`] method on [`HashMap`].
///
/// [`extract_if`]: HashMap::extract_if
///
/// # Example
///
/// ```
/// use std::collections::HashMap;
///
/// let mut map = HashMap::from([
///     ("a", 1),
/// ]);
/// let iter = map.extract_if(|_k, v| *v % 2 == 0);
/// ```
#[stable(feature = "hash_extract_if", since = "1.88.0")]
#[must_use = "iterators are lazy and do nothing unless consumed; \
    use `retain` to remove and discard elements"]
pub struct ExtractIf<
    'a,
    K,
    V,
    F,
    #[unstable(feature = "allocator_api", issue = "32838")] A: Allocator = Global,
> {
    base: base::ExtractIf<'a, K, V, F, A>,
}

/// A mutable iterator over the values of a `HashMap`.
///
/// This `struct` is created by the [`values_mut`] method on [`HashMap`]. See its
/// documentation for more.
///
/// [`values_mut`]: HashMap::values_mut
///
/// # Example
///
/// ```
/// use std::collections::HashMap;
///
/// let mut map = HashMap::from([
///     ("a", 1),
/// ]);
/// let iter_values = map.values_mut();
/// ```
#[stable(feature = "map_values_mut", since = "1.10.0")]
#[cfg_attr(not(test), rustc_diagnostic_item = "hashmap_values_mut_ty")]
pub struct ValuesMut<'a, K: 'a, V: 'a> {
    inner: IterMut<'a, K, V>,
}

#[stable(feature = "default_iters_hash", since = "1.83.0")]
impl<K, V> Default for ValuesMut<'_, K, V> {
    #[inline]
    fn default() -> Self {
        ValuesMut { inner: Default::default() }
    }
}

/// An owning iterator over the keys of a `HashMap`.
///
/// This `struct` is created by the [`into_keys`] method on [`HashMap`].
/// See its documentation for more.
///
/// [`into_keys`]: HashMap::into_keys
///
/// # Example
///
/// ```
/// use std::collections::HashMap;
///
/// let map = HashMap::from([
///     ("a", 1),
/// ]);
/// let iter_keys = map.into_keys();
/// ```
#[stable(feature = "map_into_keys_values", since = "1.54.0")]
pub struct IntoKeys<
    K,
    V,
    #[unstable(feature = "allocator_api", issue = "32838")] A: Allocator = Global,
> {
    inner: IntoIter<K, V, A>,
}

#[stable(feature = "default_iters_hash", since = "1.83.0")]
impl<K, V> Default for IntoKeys<K, V> {
    #[inline]
    fn default() -> Self {
        IntoKeys { inner: Default::default() }
    }
}

/// An owning iterator over the values of a `HashMap`.
///
/// This `struct` is created by the [`into_values`] method on [`HashMap`].
/// See its documentation for more.
///
/// [`into_values`]: HashMap::into_values
///
/// # Example
///
/// ```
/// use std::collections::HashMap;
///
/// let map = HashMap::from([
///     ("a", 1),
/// ]);
/// let iter_keys = map.into_values();
/// ```
#[stable(feature = "map_into_keys_values", since = "1.54.0")]
pub struct IntoValues<
    K,
    V,
    #[unstable(feature = "allocator_api", issue = "32838")] A: Allocator = Global,
> {
    inner: IntoIter<K, V, A>,
}

#[stable(feature = "default_iters_hash", since = "1.83.0")]
impl<K, V> Default for IntoValues<K, V> {
    #[inline]
    fn default() -> Self {
        IntoValues { inner: Default::default() }
    }
}

/// A view into a single entry in a map, which may either be vacant or occupied.
///
/// This `enum` is constructed from the [`entry`] method on [`HashMap`].
///
/// [`entry`]: HashMap::entry
#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
#[cfg_attr(not(test), rustc_diagnostic_item = "HashMapEntry")]
pub enum Entry<
    'a,
    K: 'a,
    V: 'a,
    #[unstable(feature = "allocator_api", issue = "32838")] A: Allocator = Global,
> {
    /// An occupied entry.
    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
    Occupied(#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")] OccupiedEntry<'a, K, V, A>),

    /// A vacant entry.
    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
    Vacant(#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")] VacantEntry<'a, K, V, A>),
}

#[stable(feature = "debug_hash_map", since = "1.12.0")]
impl<K: Debug, V: Debug> Debug for Entry<'_, K, V> {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
        match *self {
            Vacant(ref v) => f.debug_tuple("Entry").field(v).finish(),
            Occupied(ref o) => f.debug_tuple("Entry").field(o).finish(),
        }
    }
}

/// A view into an occupied entry in a `HashMap`.
/// It is part of the [`Entry`] enum.
#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
pub struct OccupiedEntry<
    'a,
    K: 'a,
    V: 'a,
    #[unstable(feature = "allocator_api", issue = "32838")] A: Allocator = Global,
> {
    base: base::RustcOccupiedEntry<'a, K, V, A>,
}

#[stable(feature = "debug_hash_map", since = "1.12.0")]
impl<K: Debug, V: Debug, A: Allocator> Debug for OccupiedEntry<'_, K, V, A> {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
        f.debug_struct("OccupiedEntry")
            .field("key", self.key())
            .field("value", self.get())
            .finish_non_exhaustive()
    }
}

/// A view into a vacant entry in a `HashMap`.
/// It is part of the [`Entry`] enum.
#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
pub struct VacantEntry<
    'a,
    K: 'a,
    V: 'a,
    #[unstable(feature = "allocator_api", issue = "32838")] A: Allocator = Global,
> {
    base: base::RustcVacantEntry<'a, K, V, A>,
}

#[stable(feature = "debug_hash_map", since = "1.12.0")]
impl<K: Debug, V, A: Allocator> Debug for VacantEntry<'_, K, V, A> {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
        f.debug_tuple("VacantEntry").field(self.key()).finish()
    }
}

/// The error returned by [`try_insert`](HashMap::try_insert) when the key already exists.
///
/// Contains the occupied entry, and the value that was not inserted.
#[unstable(feature = "map_try_insert", issue = "82766")]
pub struct OccupiedError<
    'a,
    K: 'a,
    V: 'a,
    #[unstable(feature = "allocator_api", issue = "32838")] A: Allocator = Global,
> {
    /// The entry in the map that was already occupied.
    pub entry: OccupiedEntry<'a, K, V, A>,
    /// The value which was not inserted, because the entry was already occupied.
    pub value: V,
}

#[unstable(feature = "map_try_insert", issue = "82766")]
impl<K: Debug, V: Debug, A: Allocator> Debug for OccupiedError<'_, K, V, A> {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
        f.debug_struct("OccupiedError")
            .field("key", self.entry.key())
            .field("old_value", self.entry.get())
            .field("new_value", &self.value)
            .finish_non_exhaustive()
    }
}

#[unstable(feature = "map_try_insert", issue = "82766")]
impl<'a, K: Debug, V: Debug, A: Allocator> fmt::Display for OccupiedError<'a, K, V, A> {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
        write!(
            f,
            "failed to insert {:?}, key {:?} already exists with value {:?}",
            self.value,
            self.entry.key(),
            self.entry.get(),
        )
    }
}

#[unstable(feature = "map_try_insert", issue = "82766")]
impl<'a, K: Debug, V: Debug, A: Allocator> Error for OccupiedError<'a, K, V, A> {}

#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
impl<'a, K, V, S, A: Allocator> IntoIterator for &'a HashMap<K, V, S, A> {
    type Item = (&'a K, &'a V);
    type IntoIter = Iter<'a, K, V>;

    #[inline]
    #[rustc_lint_query_instability]
    fn into_iter(self) -> Iter<'a, K, V> {
        self.iter()
    }
}

#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
impl<'a, K, V, S, A: Allocator> IntoIterator for &'a mut HashMap<K, V, S, A> {
    type Item = (&'a K, &'a mut V);
    type IntoIter = IterMut<'a, K, V>;

    #[inline]
    #[rustc_lint_query_instability]
    fn into_iter(self) -> IterMut<'a, K, V> {
        self.iter_mut()
    }
}

#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
impl<K, V, S, A: Allocator> IntoIterator for HashMap<K, V, S, A> {
    type Item = (K, V);
    type IntoIter = IntoIter<K, V, A>;

    /// Creates a consuming iterator, that is, one that moves each key-value
    /// pair out of the map in arbitrary order. The map cannot be used after
    /// calling this.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::collections::HashMap;
    ///
    /// let map = HashMap::from([
    ///     ("a", 1),
    ///     ("b", 2),
    ///     ("c", 3),
    /// ]);
    ///
    /// // Not possible with .iter()
    /// let vec: Vec<(&str, i32)> = map.into_iter().collect();
    /// ```
    #[inline]
    #[rustc_lint_query_instability]
    fn into_iter(self) -> IntoIter<K, V, A> {
        IntoIter { base: self.base.into_iter() }
    }
}

#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
impl<'a, K, V> Iterator for Iter<'a, K, V> {
    type Item = (&'a K, &'a V);

    #[inline]
    fn next(&mut self) -> Option<(&'a K, &'a V)> {
        self.base.next()
    }
    #[inline]
    fn size_hint(&self) -> (usize, Option<usize>) {
        self.base.size_hint()
    }
    #[inline]
    fn count(self) -> usize {
        self.base.len()
    }
    #[inline]
    fn fold<B, F>(self, init: B, f: F) -> B
    where
        Self: Sized,
        F: FnMut(B, Self::Item) -> B,
    {
        self.base.fold(init, f)
    }
}
#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
impl<K, V> ExactSizeIterator for Iter<'_, K, V> {
    #[inline]
    fn len(&self) -> usize {
        self.base.len()
    }
}

#[stable(feature = "fused", since = "1.26.0")]
impl<K, V> FusedIterator for Iter<'_, K, V> {}

#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
impl<'a, K, V> Iterator for IterMut<'a, K, V> {
    type Item = (&'a K, &'a mut V);

    #[inline]
    fn next(&mut self) -> Option<(&'a K, &'a mut V)> {
        self.base.next()
    }
    #[inline]
    fn size_hint(&self) -> (usize, Option<usize>) {
        self.base.size_hint()
    }
    #[inline]
    fn count(self) -> usize {
        self.base.len()
    }
    #[inline]
    fn fold<B, F>(self, init: B, f: F) -> B
    where
        Self: Sized,
        F: FnMut(B, Self::Item) -> B,
    {
        self.base.fold(init, f)
    }
}
#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
impl<K, V> ExactSizeIterator for IterMut<'_, K, V> {
    #[inline]
    fn len(&self) -> usize {
        self.base.len()
    }
}
#[stable(feature = "fused", since = "1.26.0")]
impl<K, V> FusedIterator for IterMut<'_, K, V> {}

#[stable(feature = "std_debug", since = "1.16.0")]
impl<K, V> fmt::Debug for IterMut<'_, K, V>
where
    K: fmt::Debug,
    V: fmt::Debug,
{
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
        f.debug_list().entries(self.iter()).finish()
    }
}

#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
impl<K, V, A: Allocator> Iterator for IntoIter<K, V, A> {
    type Item = (K, V);

    #[inline]
    fn next(&mut self) -> Option<(K, V)> {
        self.base.next()
    }
    #[inline]
    fn size_hint(&self) -> (usize, Option<usize>) {
        self.base.size_hint()
    }
    #[inline]
    fn count(self) -> usize {
        self.base.len()
    }
    #[inline]
    fn fold<B, F>(self, init: B, f: F) -> B
    where
        Self: Sized,
        F: FnMut(B, Self::Item) -> B,
    {
        self.base.fold(init, f)
    }
}
#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
impl<K, V, A: Allocator> ExactSizeIterator for IntoIter<K, V, A> {
    #[inline]
    fn len(&self) -> usize {
        self.base.len()
    }
}
#[stable(feature = "fused", since = "1.26.0")]
impl<K, V, A: Allocator> FusedIterator for IntoIter<K, V, A> {}

#[stable(feature = "std_debug", since = "1.16.0")]
impl<K: Debug, V: Debug, A: Allocator> fmt::Debug for IntoIter<K, V, A> {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
        f.debug_list().entries(self.iter()).finish()
    }
}

#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
impl<'a, K, V> Iterator for Keys<'a, K, V> {
    type Item = &'a K;

    #[inline]
    fn next(&mut self) -> Option<&'a K> {
        self.inner.next().map(|(k, _)| k)
    }
    #[inline]
    fn size_hint(&self) -> (usize, Option<usize>) {
        self.inner.size_hint()
    }
    #[inline]
    fn count(self) -> usize {
        self.inner.len()
    }
    #[inline]
    fn fold<B, F>(self, init: B, mut f: F) -> B
    where
        Self: Sized,
        F: FnMut(B, Self::Item) -> B,
    {
        self.inner.fold(init, |acc, (k, _)| f(acc, k))
    }
}
#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
impl<K, V> ExactSizeIterator for Keys<'_, K, V> {
    #[inline]
    fn len(&self) -> usize {
        self.inner.len()
    }
}
#[stable(feature = "fused", since = "1.26.0")]
impl<K, V> FusedIterator for Keys<'_, K, V> {}

#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
impl<'a, K, V> Iterator for Values<'a, K, V> {
    type Item = &'a V;

    #[inline]
    fn next(&mut self) -> Option<&'a V> {
        self.inner.next().map(|(_, v)| v)
    }
    #[inline]
    fn size_hint(&self) -> (usize, Option<usize>) {
        self.inner.size_hint()
    }
    #[inline]
    fn count(self) -> usize {
        self.inner.len()
    }
    #[inline]
    fn fold<B, F>(self, init: B, mut f: F) -> B
    where
        Self: Sized,
        F: FnMut(B, Self::Item) -> B,
    {
        self.inner.fold(init, |acc, (_, v)| f(acc, v))
    }
}
#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
impl<K, V> ExactSizeIterator for Values<'_, K, V> {
    #[inline]
    fn len(&self) -> usize {
        self.inner.len()
    }
}
#[stable(feature = "fused", since = "1.26.0")]
impl<K, V> FusedIterator for Values<'_, K, V> {}

#[stable(feature = "map_values_mut", since = "1.10.0")]
impl<'a, K, V> Iterator for ValuesMut<'a, K, V> {
    type Item = &'a mut V;

    #[inline]
    fn next(&mut self) -> Option<&'a mut V> {
        self.inner.next().map(|(_, v)| v)
    }
    #[inline]
    fn size_hint(&self) -> (usize, Option<usize>) {
        self.inner.size_hint()
    }
    #[inline]
    fn count(self) -> usize {
        self.inner.len()
    }
    #[inline]
    fn fold<B, F>(self, init: B, mut f: F) -> B
    where
        Self: Sized,
        F: FnMut(B, Self::Item) -> B,
    {
        self.inner.fold(init, |acc, (_, v)| f(acc, v))
    }
}
#[stable(feature = "map_values_mut", since = "1.10.0")]
impl<K, V> ExactSizeIterator for ValuesMut<'_, K, V> {
    #[inline]
    fn len(&self) -> usize {
        self.inner.len()
    }
}
#[stable(feature = "fused", since = "1.26.0")]
impl<K, V> FusedIterator for ValuesMut<'_, K, V> {}

#[stable(feature = "std_debug", since = "1.16.0")]
impl<K, V: fmt::Debug> fmt::Debug for ValuesMut<'_, K, V> {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
        f.debug_list().entries(self.inner.iter().map(|(_, val)| val)).finish()
    }
}

#[stable(feature = "map_into_keys_values", since = "1.54.0")]
impl<K, V, A: Allocator> Iterator for IntoKeys<K, V, A> {
    type Item = K;

    #[inline]
    fn next(&mut self) -> Option<K> {
        self.inner.next().map(|(k, _)| k)
    }
    #[inline]
    fn size_hint(&self) -> (usize, Option<usize>) {
        self.inner.size_hint()
    }
    #[inline]
    fn count(self) -> usize {
        self.inner.len()
    }
    #[inline]
    fn fold<B, F>(self, init: B, mut f: F) -> B
    where
        Self: Sized,
        F: FnMut(B, Self::Item) -> B,
    {
        self.inner.fold(init, |acc, (k, _)| f(acc, k))
    }
}
#[stable(feature = "map_into_keys_values", since = "1.54.0")]
impl<K, V, A: Allocator> ExactSizeIterator for IntoKeys<K, V, A> {
    #[inline]
    fn len(&self) -> usize {
        self.inner.len()
    }
}
#[stable(feature = "map_into_keys_values", since = "1.54.0")]
impl<K, V, A: Allocator> FusedIterator for IntoKeys<K, V, A> {}

#[stable(feature = "map_into_keys_values", since = "1.54.0")]
impl<K: Debug, V, A: Allocator> fmt::Debug for IntoKeys<K, V, A> {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
        f.debug_list().entries(self.inner.iter().map(|(k, _)| k)).finish()
    }
}

#[stable(feature = "map_into_keys_values", since = "1.54.0")]
impl<K, V, A: Allocator> Iterator for IntoValues<K, V, A> {
    type Item = V;

    #[inline]
    fn next(&mut self) -> Option<V> {
        self.inner.next().map(|(_, v)| v)
    }
    #[inline]
    fn size_hint(&self) -> (usize, Option<usize>) {
        self.inner.size_hint()
    }
    #[inline]
    fn count(self) -> usize {
        self.inner.len()
    }
    #[inline]
    fn fold<B, F>(self, init: B, mut f: F) -> B
    where
        Self: Sized,
        F: FnMut(B, Self::Item) -> B,
    {
        self.inner.fold(init, |acc, (_, v)| f(acc, v))
    }
}
#[stable(feature = "map_into_keys_values", since = "1.54.0")]
impl<K, V, A: Allocator> ExactSizeIterator for IntoValues<K, V, A> {
    #[inline]
    fn len(&self) -> usize {
        self.inner.len()
    }
}
#[stable(feature = "map_into_keys_values", since = "1.54.0")]
impl<K, V, A: Allocator> FusedIterator for IntoValues<K, V, A> {}

#[stable(feature = "map_into_keys_values", since = "1.54.0")]
impl<K, V: Debug, A: Allocator> fmt::Debug for IntoValues<K, V, A> {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
        f.debug_list().entries(self.inner.iter().map(|(_, v)| v)).finish()
    }
}

#[stable(feature = "drain", since = "1.6.0")]
impl<'a, K, V, A: Allocator> Iterator for Drain<'a, K, V, A> {
    type Item = (K, V);

    #[inline]
    fn next(&mut self) -> Option<(K, V)> {
        self.base.next()
    }
    #[inline]
    fn size_hint(&self) -> (usize, Option<usize>) {
        self.base.size_hint()
    }
    #[inline]
    fn fold<B, F>(self, init: B, f: F) -> B
    where
        Self: Sized,
        F: FnMut(B, Self::Item) -> B,
    {
        self.base.fold(init, f)
    }
}
#[stable(feature = "drain", since = "1.6.0")]
impl<K, V, A: Allocator> ExactSizeIterator for Drain<'_, K, V, A> {
    #[inline]
    fn len(&self) -> usize {
        self.base.len()
    }
}
#[stable(feature = "fused", since = "1.26.0")]
impl<K, V, A: Allocator> FusedIterator for Drain<'_, K, V, A> {}

#[stable(feature = "std_debug", since = "1.16.0")]
impl<K, V, A: Allocator> fmt::Debug for Drain<'_, K, V, A>
where
    K: fmt::Debug,
    V: fmt::Debug,
{
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
        f.debug_list().entries(self.iter()).finish()
    }
}

#[stable(feature = "hash_extract_if", since = "1.88.0")]
impl<K, V, F, A: Allocator> Iterator for ExtractIf<'_, K, V, F, A>
where
    F: FnMut(&K, &mut V) -> bool,
{
    type Item = (K, V);

    #[inline]
    fn next(&mut self) -> Option<(K, V)> {
        self.base.next()
    }
    #[inline]
    fn size_hint(&self) -> (usize, Option<usize>) {
        self.base.size_hint()
    }
}

#[stable(feature = "hash_extract_if", since = "1.88.0")]
impl<K, V, F, A: Allocator> FusedIterator for ExtractIf<'_, K, V, F, A> where
    F: FnMut(&K, &mut V) -> bool
{
}

#[stable(feature = "hash_extract_if", since = "1.88.0")]
impl<K, V, F, A: Allocator> fmt::Debug for ExtractIf<'_, K, V, F, A>
where
    K: fmt::Debug,
    V: fmt::Debug,
{
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
        f.debug_struct("ExtractIf").finish_non_exhaustive()
    }
}

impl<'a, K, V, A: Allocator> Entry<'a, K, V, A> {
    /// Ensures a value is in the entry by inserting the default if empty, and returns
    /// a mutable reference to the value in the entry.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::collections::HashMap;
    ///
    /// let mut map: HashMap<&str, u32> = HashMap::new();
    ///
    /// map.entry("poneyland").or_insert(3);
    /// assert_eq!(map["poneyland"], 3);
    ///
    /// *map.entry("poneyland").or_insert(10) *= 2;
    /// assert_eq!(map["poneyland"], 6);
    /// ```
    #[inline]
    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
    pub fn or_insert(self, default: V) -> &'a mut V {
        match self {
            Occupied(entry) => entry.into_mut(),
            Vacant(entry) => entry.insert(default),
        }
    }

    /// Ensures a value is in the entry by inserting the result of the default function if empty,
    /// and returns a mutable reference to the value in the entry.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::collections::HashMap;
    ///
    /// let mut map = HashMap::new();
    /// let value = "hoho";
    ///
    /// map.entry("poneyland").or_insert_with(|| value);
    ///
    /// assert_eq!(map["poneyland"], "hoho");
    /// ```
    #[inline]
    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
    pub fn or_insert_with<F: FnOnce() -> V>(self, default: F) -> &'a mut V {
        match self {
            Occupied(entry) => entry.into_mut(),
            Vacant(entry) => entry.insert(default()),
        }
    }

    /// Ensures a value is in the entry by inserting, if empty, the result of the default function.
    /// This method allows for generating key-derived values for insertion by providing the default
    /// function a reference to the key that was moved during the `.entry(key)` method call.
    ///
    /// The reference to the moved key is provided so that cloning or copying the key is
    /// unnecessary, unlike with `.or_insert_with(|| ... )`.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::collections::HashMap;
    ///
    /// let mut map: HashMap<&str, usize> = HashMap::new();
    ///
    /// map.entry("poneyland").or_insert_with_key(|key| key.chars().count());
    ///
    /// assert_eq!(map["poneyland"], 9);
    /// ```
    #[inline]
    #[stable(feature = "or_insert_with_key", since = "1.50.0")]
    pub fn or_insert_with_key<F: FnOnce(&K) -> V>(self, default: F) -> &'a mut V {
        match self {
            Occupied(entry) => entry.into_mut(),
            Vacant(entry) => {
                let value = default(entry.key());
                entry.insert(value)
            }
        }
    }

    /// Returns a reference to this entry's key.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::collections::HashMap;
    ///
    /// let mut map: HashMap<&str, u32> = HashMap::new();
    /// assert_eq!(map.entry("poneyland").key(), &"poneyland");
    /// ```
    #[inline]
    #[stable(feature = "map_entry_keys", since = "1.10.0")]
    pub fn key(&self) -> &K {
        match *self {
            Occupied(ref entry) => entry.key(),
            Vacant(ref entry) => entry.key(),
        }
    }

    /// Provides in-place mutable access to an occupied entry before any
    /// potential inserts into the map.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::collections::HashMap;
    ///
    /// let mut map: HashMap<&str, u32> = HashMap::new();
    ///
    /// map.entry("poneyland")
    ///    .and_modify(|e| { *e += 1 })
    ///    .or_insert(42);
    /// assert_eq!(map["poneyland"], 42);
    ///
    /// map.entry("poneyland")
    ///    .and_modify(|e| { *e += 1 })
    ///    .or_insert(42);
    /// assert_eq!(map["poneyland"], 43);
    /// ```
    #[inline]
    #[stable(feature = "entry_and_modify", since = "1.26.0")]
    pub fn and_modify<F>(self, f: F) -> Self
    where
        F: FnOnce(&mut V),
    {
        match self {
            Occupied(mut entry) => {
                f(entry.get_mut());
                Occupied(entry)
            }
            Vacant(entry) => Vacant(entry),
        }
    }

    /// Sets the value of the entry, and returns an `OccupiedEntry`.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::collections::HashMap;
    ///
    /// let mut map: HashMap<&str, String> = HashMap::new();
    /// let entry = map.entry("poneyland").insert_entry("hoho".to_string());
    ///
    /// assert_eq!(entry.key(), &"poneyland");
    /// ```
    #[inline]
    #[stable(feature = "entry_insert", since = "1.83.0")]
    pub fn insert_entry(self, value: V) -> OccupiedEntry<'a, K, V, A> {
        match self {
            Occupied(mut entry) => {
                entry.insert(value);
                entry
            }
            Vacant(entry) => entry.insert_entry(value),
        }
    }
}

impl<'a, K, V: Default> Entry<'a, K, V> {
    /// Ensures a value is in the entry by inserting the default value if empty,
    /// and returns a mutable reference to the value in the entry.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// # fn main() {
    /// use std::collections::HashMap;
    ///
    /// let mut map: HashMap<&str, Option<u32>> = HashMap::new();
    /// map.entry("poneyland").or_default();
    ///
    /// assert_eq!(map["poneyland"], None);
    /// # }
    /// ```
    #[inline]
    #[stable(feature = "entry_or_default", since = "1.28.0")]
    pub fn or_default(self) -> &'a mut V {
        match self {
            Occupied(entry) => entry.into_mut(),
            Vacant(entry) => entry.insert(Default::default()),
        }
    }
}

impl<'a, K, V, A: Allocator> OccupiedEntry<'a, K, V, A> {
    /// Gets a reference to the key in the entry.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::collections::HashMap;
    ///
    /// let mut map: HashMap<&str, u32> = HashMap::new();
    /// map.entry("poneyland").or_insert(12);
    /// assert_eq!(map.entry("poneyland").key(), &"poneyland");
    /// ```
    #[inline]
    #[stable(feature = "map_entry_keys", since = "1.10.0")]
    pub fn key(&self) -> &K {
        self.base.key()
    }

    /// Take the ownership of the key and value from the map.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::collections::HashMap;
    /// use std::collections::hash_map::Entry;
    ///
    /// let mut map: HashMap<&str, u32> = HashMap::new();
    /// map.entry("poneyland").or_insert(12);
    ///
    /// if let Entry::Occupied(o) = map.entry("poneyland") {
    ///     // We delete the entry from the map.
    ///     o.remove_entry();
    /// }
    ///
    /// assert_eq!(map.contains_key("poneyland"), false);
    /// ```
    #[inline]
    #[stable(feature = "map_entry_recover_keys2", since = "1.12.0")]
    pub fn remove_entry(self) -> (K, V) {
        self.base.remove_entry()
    }

    /// Gets a reference to the value in the entry.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::collections::HashMap;
    /// use std::collections::hash_map::Entry;
    ///
    /// let mut map: HashMap<&str, u32> = HashMap::new();
    /// map.entry("poneyland").or_insert(12);
    ///
    /// if let Entry::Occupied(o) = map.entry("poneyland") {
    ///     assert_eq!(o.get(), &12);
    /// }
    /// ```
    #[inline]
    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
    pub fn get(&self) -> &V {
        self.base.get()
    }

    /// Gets a mutable reference to the value in the entry.
    ///
    /// If you need a reference to the `OccupiedEntry` which may outlive the
    /// destruction of the `Entry` value, see [`into_mut`].
    ///
    /// [`into_mut`]: Self::into_mut
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::collections::HashMap;
    /// use std::collections::hash_map::Entry;
    ///
    /// let mut map: HashMap<&str, u32> = HashMap::new();
    /// map.entry("poneyland").or_insert(12);
    ///
    /// assert_eq!(map["poneyland"], 12);
    /// if let Entry::Occupied(mut o) = map.entry("poneyland") {
    ///     *o.get_mut() += 10;
    ///     assert_eq!(*o.get(), 22);
    ///
    ///     // We can use the same Entry multiple times.
    ///     *o.get_mut() += 2;
    /// }
    ///
    /// assert_eq!(map["poneyland"], 24);
    /// ```
    #[inline]
    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
    pub fn get_mut(&mut self) -> &mut V {
        self.base.get_mut()
    }

    /// Converts the `OccupiedEntry` into a mutable reference to the value in the entry
    /// with a lifetime bound to the map itself.
    ///
    /// If you need multiple references to the `OccupiedEntry`, see [`get_mut`].
    ///
    /// [`get_mut`]: Self::get_mut
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::collections::HashMap;
    /// use std::collections::hash_map::Entry;
    ///
    /// let mut map: HashMap<&str, u32> = HashMap::new();
    /// map.entry("poneyland").or_insert(12);
    ///
    /// assert_eq!(map["poneyland"], 12);
    /// if let Entry::Occupied(o) = map.entry("poneyland") {
    ///     *o.into_mut() += 10;
    /// }
    ///
    /// assert_eq!(map["poneyland"], 22);
    /// ```
    #[inline]
    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
    pub fn into_mut(self) -> &'a mut V {
        self.base.into_mut()
    }

    /// Sets the value of the entry, and returns the entry's old value.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::collections::HashMap;
    /// use std::collections::hash_map::Entry;
    ///
    /// let mut map: HashMap<&str, u32> = HashMap::new();
    /// map.entry("poneyland").or_insert(12);
    ///
    /// if let Entry::Occupied(mut o) = map.entry("poneyland") {
    ///     assert_eq!(o.insert(15), 12);
    /// }
    ///
    /// assert_eq!(map["poneyland"], 15);
    /// ```
    #[inline]
    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
    pub fn insert(&mut self, value: V) -> V {
        self.base.insert(value)
    }

    /// Takes the value out of the entry, and returns it.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::collections::HashMap;
    /// use std::collections::hash_map::Entry;
    ///
    /// let mut map: HashMap<&str, u32> = HashMap::new();
    /// map.entry("poneyland").or_insert(12);
    ///
    /// if let Entry::Occupied(o) = map.entry("poneyland") {
    ///     assert_eq!(o.remove(), 12);
    /// }
    ///
    /// assert_eq!(map.contains_key("poneyland"), false);
    /// ```
    #[inline]
    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
    pub fn remove(self) -> V {
        self.base.remove()
    }
}

impl<'a, K: 'a, V: 'a, A: Allocator> VacantEntry<'a, K, V, A> {
    /// Gets a reference to the key that would be used when inserting a value
    /// through the `VacantEntry`.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::collections::HashMap;
    ///
    /// let mut map: HashMap<&str, u32> = HashMap::new();
    /// assert_eq!(map.entry("poneyland").key(), &"poneyland");
    /// ```
    #[inline]
    #[stable(feature = "map_entry_keys", since = "1.10.0")]
    pub fn key(&self) -> &K {
        self.base.key()
    }

    /// Take ownership of the key.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::collections::HashMap;
    /// use std::collections::hash_map::Entry;
    ///
    /// let mut map: HashMap<&str, u32> = HashMap::new();
    ///
    /// if let Entry::Vacant(v) = map.entry("poneyland") {
    ///     v.into_key();
    /// }
    /// ```
    #[inline]
    #[stable(feature = "map_entry_recover_keys2", since = "1.12.0")]
    pub fn into_key(self) -> K {
        self.base.into_key()
    }

    /// Sets the value of the entry with the `VacantEntry`'s key,
    /// and returns a mutable reference to it.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::collections::HashMap;
    /// use std::collections::hash_map::Entry;
    ///
    /// let mut map: HashMap<&str, u32> = HashMap::new();
    ///
    /// if let Entry::Vacant(o) = map.entry("poneyland") {
    ///     o.insert(37);
    /// }
    /// assert_eq!(map["poneyland"], 37);
    /// ```
    #[inline]
    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
    pub fn insert(self, value: V) -> &'a mut V {
        self.base.insert(value)
    }

    /// Sets the value of the entry with the `VacantEntry`'s key,
    /// and returns an `OccupiedEntry`.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::collections::HashMap;
    /// use std::collections::hash_map::Entry;
    ///
    /// let mut map: HashMap<&str, u32> = HashMap::new();
    ///
    /// if let Entry::Vacant(o) = map.entry("poneyland") {
    ///     o.insert_entry(37);
    /// }
    /// assert_eq!(map["poneyland"], 37);
    /// ```
    #[inline]
    #[stable(feature = "entry_insert", since = "1.83.0")]
    pub fn insert_entry(self, value: V) -> OccupiedEntry<'a, K, V, A> {
        let base = self.base.insert_entry(value);
        OccupiedEntry { base }
    }
}

#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
impl<K, V, S> FromIterator<(K, V)> for HashMap<K, V, S>
where
    K: Eq + Hash,
    S: BuildHasher + Default,
{
    /// Constructs a `HashMap<K, V>` from an iterator of key-value pairs.
    ///
    /// If the iterator produces any pairs with equal keys,
    /// all but one of the corresponding values will be dropped.
    fn from_iter<T: IntoIterator<Item = (K, V)>>(iter: T) -> HashMap<K, V, S> {
        let mut map = HashMap::with_hasher(Default::default());
        map.extend(iter);
        map
    }
}

/// Inserts all new key-values from the iterator and replaces values with existing
/// keys with new values returned from the iterator.
#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
impl<K, V, S, A> Extend<(K, V)> for HashMap<K, V, S, A>
where
    K: Eq + Hash,
    S: BuildHasher,
    A: Allocator,
{
    #[inline]
    fn extend<T: IntoIterator<Item = (K, V)>>(&mut self, iter: T) {
        self.base.extend(iter)
    }

    #[inline]
    fn extend_one(&mut self, (k, v): (K, V)) {
        self.base.insert(k, v);
    }

    #[inline]
    fn extend_reserve(&mut self, additional: usize) {
        self.base.extend_reserve(additional);
    }
}

#[stable(feature = "hash_extend_copy", since = "1.4.0")]
impl<'a, K, V, S, A> Extend<(&'a K, &'a V)> for HashMap<K, V, S, A>
where
    K: Eq + Hash + Copy,
    V: Copy,
    S: BuildHasher,
    A: Allocator,
{
    #[inline]
    fn extend<T: IntoIterator<Item = (&'a K, &'a V)>>(&mut self, iter: T) {
        self.base.extend(iter)
    }

    #[inline]
    fn extend_one(&mut self, (&k, &v): (&'a K, &'a V)) {
        self.base.insert(k, v);
    }

    #[inline]
    fn extend_reserve(&mut self, additional: usize) {
        Extend::<(K, V)>::extend_reserve(self, additional)
    }
}

#[inline]
fn map_entry<'a, K: 'a, V: 'a, A: Allocator>(
    raw: base::RustcEntry<'a, K, V, A>,
) -> Entry<'a, K, V, A> {
    match raw {
        base::RustcEntry::Occupied(base) => Entry::Occupied(OccupiedEntry { base }),
        base::RustcEntry::Vacant(base) => Entry::Vacant(VacantEntry { base }),
    }
}

#[inline]
pub(super) fn map_try_reserve_error(err: hashbrown::TryReserveError) -> TryReserveError {
    match err {
        hashbrown::TryReserveError::CapacityOverflow => {
            TryReserveErrorKind::CapacityOverflow.into()
        }
        hashbrown::TryReserveError::AllocError { layout } => {
            TryReserveErrorKind::AllocError { layout, non_exhaustive: () }.into()
        }
    }
}

#[allow(dead_code)]
fn assert_covariance() {
    fn map_key<'new>(v: HashMap<&'static str, u8>) -> HashMap<&'new str, u8> {
        v
    }
    fn map_val<'new>(v: HashMap<u8, &'static str>) -> HashMap<u8, &'new str> {
        v
    }
    fn iter_key<'a, 'new>(v: Iter<'a, &'static str, u8>) -> Iter<'a, &'new str, u8> {
        v
    }
    fn iter_val<'a, 'new>(v: Iter<'a, u8, &'static str>) -> Iter<'a, u8, &'new str> {
        v
    }
    fn into_iter_key<'new>(v: IntoIter<&'static str, u8>) -> IntoIter<&'new str, u8> {
        v
    }
    fn into_iter_val<'new>(v: IntoIter<u8, &'static str>) -> IntoIter<u8, &'new str> {
        v
    }
    fn keys_key<'a, 'new>(v: Keys<'a, &'static str, u8>) -> Keys<'a, &'new str, u8> {
        v
    }
    fn keys_val<'a, 'new>(v: Keys<'a, u8, &'static str>) -> Keys<'a, u8, &'new str> {
        v
    }
    fn values_key<'a, 'new>(v: Values<'a, &'static str, u8>) -> Values<'a, &'new str, u8> {
        v
    }
    fn values_val<'a, 'new>(v: Values<'a, u8, &'static str>) -> Values<'a, u8, &'new str> {
        v
    }
    fn drain<'new>(
        d: Drain<'static, &'static str, &'static str>,
    ) -> Drain<'new, &'new str, &'new str> {
        d
    }
}