rustdoc/html/

highlight.rs

//! Basic syntax highlighting functionality.
//!
//! This module uses librustc_ast's lexer to provide token-based highlighting for
//! the HTML documentation generated by rustdoc.
//!
//! Use the `render_with_highlighting` to highlight some rust code.

use std::borrow::Cow;
use std::collections::VecDeque;
use std::fmt::{self, Display, Write};
use std::iter;

use itertools::Either;
use rustc_data_structures::fx::FxIndexMap;
use rustc_lexer::{Cursor, FrontmatterAllowed, LiteralKind, TokenKind};
use rustc_span::BytePos;
use rustc_span::edition::Edition;
use rustc_span::symbol::Symbol;

use super::format;
use crate::clean::PrimitiveType;
use crate::display::Joined as _;
use crate::html::escape::EscapeBodyText;
use crate::html::format::HrefInfo;
use crate::html::macro_expansion::ExpandedCode;
use crate::html::render::Context;
use crate::html::span_map::{DUMMY_SP, LinkFromSrc, Span};

/// This type is needed in case we want to render links on items to allow to go to their definition.
pub(crate) struct HrefContext<'a, 'tcx> {
    pub(crate) context: &'a Context<'tcx>,
    /// This span contains the current file we're going through.
    pub(crate) file_span: Span,
    /// This field is used to know "how far" from the top of the directory we are to link to either
    /// documentation pages or other source pages.
    pub(crate) root_path: &'a str,
    /// This field is used to calculate precise local URLs.
    pub(crate) current_href: String,
}

/// Decorations are represented as a map from CSS class to vector of character ranges.
/// Each range will be wrapped in a span with that class.
#[derive(Default)]
pub(crate) struct DecorationInfo(pub(crate) FxIndexMap<&'static str, Vec<(u32, u32)>>);

#[derive(Eq, PartialEq, Clone)]
pub(crate) enum Tooltip {
    IgnoreAll,
    IgnoreSome(Vec<String>),
    CompileFail,
    ShouldPanic,
    Edition(Edition),
}

/// Highlights `src` as an inline example, returning the HTML output.
pub(crate) fn render_example_with_highlighting(
    src: &str,
    tooltip: Option<&Tooltip>,
    playground_button: Option<&str>,
    extra_classes: &[String],
    edition: Edition,
) -> impl Display {
    fmt::from_fn(move |f| {
        write_header("rust-example-rendered", tooltip, extra_classes).fmt(f)?;
        let edition = match tooltip {
            Some(Tooltip::Edition(edition)) => *edition,
            _ => edition,
        };
        write_code(f, src, None, None, edition, None);
        write_footer(playground_button).fmt(f)
    })
}

fn write_header(class: &str, tooltip: Option<&Tooltip>, extra_classes: &[String]) -> impl Display {
    fmt::from_fn(move |f| {
        write!(
            f,
            "<div class=\"example-wrap{}\">",
            tooltip
                .map(|tooltip| match tooltip {
                    Tooltip::IgnoreAll | Tooltip::IgnoreSome(_) => " ignore",
                    Tooltip::CompileFail => " compile_fail",
                    Tooltip::ShouldPanic => " should_panic",
                    Tooltip::Edition(_) => " edition",
                })
                .unwrap_or_default()
        )?;

        if let Some(tooltip) = tooltip {
            let tooltip = fmt::from_fn(|f| match tooltip {
                Tooltip::IgnoreAll => f.write_str("This example is not tested"),
                Tooltip::IgnoreSome(platforms) => {
                    f.write_str("This example is not tested on ")?;
                    match &platforms[..] {
                        [] => unreachable!(),
                        [platform] => f.write_str(platform)?,
                        [first, second] => write!(f, "{first} or {second}")?,
                        [platforms @ .., last] => {
                            for platform in platforms {
                                write!(f, "{platform}, ")?;
                            }
                            write!(f, "or {last}")?;
                        }
                    }
                    Ok(())
                }
                Tooltip::CompileFail => f.write_str("This example deliberately fails to compile"),
                Tooltip::ShouldPanic => f.write_str("This example panics"),
                Tooltip::Edition(edition) => write!(f, "This example runs with edition {edition}"),
            });

            write!(f, "<a href=\"#\" class=\"tooltip\" title=\"{tooltip}\">ⓘ</a>")?;
        }

        let classes = fmt::from_fn(|f| {
            iter::once("rust")
                .chain(Some(class).filter(|class| !class.is_empty()))
                .chain(extra_classes.iter().map(String::as_str))
                .joined(" ", f)
        });

        write!(f, "<pre class=\"{classes}\"><code>")
    })
}

/// Check if two `Class` can be merged together. In the following rules, "unclassified" means `None`
/// basically (since it's `Option<Class>`). The following rules apply:
///
/// * If two `Class` have the same variant, then they can be merged.
/// * If the other `Class` is unclassified and only contains white characters (backline,
///   whitespace, etc), it can be merged.
/// * `Class::Ident` is considered the same as unclassified (because it doesn't have an associated
///   CSS class).
fn can_merge(class1: Option<Class>, class2: Option<Class>, text: &str) -> bool {
    match (class1, class2) {
        (Some(c1), Some(c2)) => c1.is_equal_to(c2),
        (Some(Class::Ident(_)), None) | (None, Some(Class::Ident(_))) => true,
        (Some(Class::Macro(_)), _) => false,
        (Some(_), None) | (None, Some(_)) => text.trim().is_empty(),
        (None, None) => true,
    }
}

#[derive(Debug)]
struct ClassInfo {
    class: Class,
    /// If `Some`, then it means the tag was opened and needs to be closed.
    closing_tag: Option<&'static str>,
    /// Set to `true` by `exit_elem` to signal that all the elements of this class have been pushed.
    ///
    /// The class will be closed and removed from the stack when the next non-mergeable item is
    /// pushed. When it is removed, the closing tag will be written if (and only if)
    /// `self.closing_tag` is `Some`.
    pending_exit: bool,
}

impl ClassInfo {
    fn new(class: Class, closing_tag: Option<&'static str>) -> Self {
        Self { class, closing_tag, pending_exit: closing_tag.is_some() }
    }

    fn close_tag<W: Write>(&self, out: &mut W) {
        if let Some(closing_tag) = self.closing_tag {
            out.write_str(closing_tag).unwrap();
        }
    }

    fn is_open(&self) -> bool {
        self.closing_tag.is_some()
    }
}

/// This represents the stack of HTML elements. For example a macro expansion
/// will contain other elements which might themselves contain other elements
/// (like macros).
///
/// This allows to easily handle HTML tags instead of having a more complicated
/// state machine to keep track of which tags are open.
#[derive(Debug)]
struct ClassStack {
    open_classes: Vec<ClassInfo>,
}

impl ClassStack {
    fn new() -> Self {
        Self { open_classes: Vec::new() }
    }

    fn enter_elem<W: Write>(
        &mut self,
        out: &mut W,
        href_context: &Option<HrefContext<'_, '_>>,
        new_class: Class,
        closing_tag: Option<&'static str>,
    ) {
        if let Some(current_class) = self.open_classes.last_mut() {
            if can_merge(Some(current_class.class), Some(new_class), "") {
                current_class.pending_exit = false;
                return;
            } else if current_class.pending_exit {
                current_class.close_tag(out);
                self.open_classes.pop();
            }
        }
        let mut class_info = ClassInfo::new(new_class, closing_tag);
        if closing_tag.is_none() {
            if matches!(new_class, Class::Decoration(_) | Class::Original) {
                // Even if a whitespace characters follows, we need to open the class right away
                // as these characters are part of the element.
                // FIXME: Should we instead add a new boolean field to `ClassInfo` to force a
                // non-open tag to be added if another one comes before it's open?
                write!(out, "<span class=\"{}\">", new_class.as_html()).unwrap();
                class_info.closing_tag = Some("</span>");
            } else if new_class.get_span().is_some()
                && let Some(closing_tag) =
                    string_without_closing_tag(out, "", Some(class_info.class), href_context, false)
                && !closing_tag.is_empty()
            {
                class_info.closing_tag = Some(closing_tag);
            }
        }

        self.open_classes.push(class_info);
    }

    /// This sets the `pending_exit` field to `true`. Meaning that if we try to push another stack
    /// which is not compatible with this one, it will exit the current one before adding the new
    /// one.
    fn exit_elem(&mut self) {
        let current_class =
            self.open_classes.last_mut().expect("`exit_elem` called on empty class stack");
        if !current_class.pending_exit {
            current_class.pending_exit = true;
            return;
        }
        // If the current class was already closed, it means we are actually closing its parent.
        self.open_classes.pop();
        let current_class =
            self.open_classes.last_mut().expect("`exit_elem` called on empty class stack parent");
        current_class.pending_exit = true;
    }

    fn last_class(&self) -> Option<Class> {
        self.open_classes.last().map(|c| c.class)
    }

    fn last_class_is_open(&self) -> bool {
        if let Some(last) = self.open_classes.last() {
            last.is_open()
        } else {
            // If there is no class, then it's already open.
            true
        }
    }

    fn close_last_if_needed<W: Write>(&mut self, out: &mut W) {
        if let Some(last) = self.open_classes.pop_if(|class| class.pending_exit && class.is_open())
        {
            last.close_tag(out);
        }
    }

    fn push<W: Write>(
        &mut self,
        out: &mut W,
        href_context: &Option<HrefContext<'_, '_>>,
        class: Option<Class>,
        text: Cow<'_, str>,
        needs_escape: bool,
    ) {
        // If the new token cannot be merged with the currently open `Class`, we close the `Class`
        // if possible.
        if !can_merge(self.last_class(), class, &text) {
            self.close_last_if_needed(out)
        }

        let current_class = self.last_class();

        // If we have a `Class` that hasn't been "open" yet (ie, we received only an `EnterSpan`
        // event), we need to open the `Class` before going any further so the new token will be
        // written inside it.
        if class.is_none() && !self.last_class_is_open() {
            if let Some(current_class_info) = self.open_classes.last_mut() {
                let class_s = current_class_info.class.as_html();
                if !class_s.is_empty() {
                    write!(out, "<span class=\"{class_s}\">").unwrap();
                }
                current_class_info.closing_tag = Some("</span>");
            }
        }

        let current_class_is_open = self.open_classes.last().is_some_and(|c| c.is_open());
        let can_merge = can_merge(class, current_class, &text);
        let should_open_tag = !current_class_is_open || !can_merge;

        let text =
            if needs_escape { Either::Left(&EscapeBodyText(&text)) } else { Either::Right(text) };

        let closing_tag =
            string_without_closing_tag(out, &text, class, href_context, should_open_tag);
        if class.is_some() && should_open_tag && closing_tag.is_none() {
            panic!(
                "called `string_without_closing_tag` with a class but no closing tag was returned"
            );
        } else if let Some(closing_tag) = closing_tag
            && !closing_tag.is_empty()
        {
            // If this is a link, we need to close it right away and not open a new `Class`,
            // otherwise extra content would go into the `<a>` HTML tag.
            if closing_tag == "</a>" {
                out.write_str(closing_tag).unwrap();
            // If the current `Class` is not compatible with this one, we create a new `Class`.
            } else if let Some(class) = class
                && !can_merge
            {
                self.enter_elem(out, href_context, class, Some("</span>"));
            // Otherwise, we consider the actual `Class` to have been open.
            } else if let Some(current_class_info) = self.open_classes.last_mut() {
                current_class_info.closing_tag = Some("</span>");
            }
        }
    }

    /// This method closes all open tags and returns the list of `Class` which were not already
    /// closed (ie `pending_exit` set to `true`).
    ///
    /// It is used when starting a macro expansion: we need to close all HTML tags and then to
    /// reopen them inside the newly created expansion HTML tag. Same goes when we close the
    /// expansion.
    fn empty_stack<W: Write>(&mut self, out: &mut W) -> Vec<Class> {
        let mut classes = Vec::with_capacity(self.open_classes.len());

        // We close all open tags and only keep the ones that were not already waiting to be closed.
        while let Some(class_info) = self.open_classes.pop() {
            class_info.close_tag(out);
            if !class_info.pending_exit {
                classes.push(class_info.class);
            }
        }
        classes
    }
}

/// This type is used as a conveniency to prevent having to pass all its fields as arguments into
/// the various functions (which became its methods).
struct TokenHandler<'a, 'tcx, F: Write> {
    out: &'a mut F,
    class_stack: ClassStack,
    /// We need to keep the `Class` for each element because it could contain a `Span` which is
    /// used to generate links.
    href_context: Option<HrefContext<'a, 'tcx>>,
    line_number_kind: LineNumberKind,
    line: u32,
    max_lines: u32,
}

impl<F: Write> std::fmt::Debug for TokenHandler<'_, '_, F> {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
        f.debug_struct("TokenHandler").field("class_stack", &self.class_stack).finish()
    }
}

impl<'a, F: Write> TokenHandler<'a, '_, F> {
    fn handle_backline(&mut self) -> Option<impl Display + use<F>> {
        self.line += 1;
        if self.line < self.max_lines {
            return Some(self.line_number_kind.render(self.line));
        }
        None
    }

    fn push_token_without_backline_check(
        &mut self,
        class: Option<Class>,
        text: Cow<'a, str>,
        needs_escape: bool,
    ) {
        self.class_stack.push(self.out, &self.href_context, class, text, needs_escape);
    }

    fn push_token(&mut self, class: Option<Class>, text: Cow<'a, str>) {
        if text == "\n"
            && let Some(backline) = self.handle_backline()
        {
            write!(self.out, "{text}{backline}").unwrap();
        } else {
            self.push_token_without_backline_check(class, text, true);
        }
    }

    fn start_expansion(&mut self) {
        // We close all open tags.
        let classes = self.class_stack.empty_stack(self.out);

        // We start the expansion tag.
        self.class_stack.enter_elem(self.out, &self.href_context, Class::Expansion, None);
        self.push_token_without_backline_check(
            Some(Class::Expansion),
            Cow::Owned(format!(
                "<input id=expand-{} \
                     tabindex=0 \
                     type=checkbox \
                     aria-label=\"Collapse/expand macro\" \
                     title=\"Collapse/expand macro\">",
                self.line,
            )),
            false,
        );

        // We re-open all tags that didn't have `pending_exit` set to `true`.
        for class in classes.into_iter().rev() {
            self.class_stack.enter_elem(self.out, &self.href_context, class, None);
        }
    }

    fn add_expanded_code(&mut self, expanded_code: &ExpandedCode) {
        self.push_token_without_backline_check(
            None,
            Cow::Owned(format!("<span class=expanded>{}</span>", expanded_code.code)),
            false,
        );
        self.class_stack.enter_elem(self.out, &self.href_context, Class::Original, None);
    }

    fn close_expansion(&mut self) {
        // We close all open tags.
        let classes = self.class_stack.empty_stack(self.out);

        // We re-open all tags without expansion-related ones.
        for class in classes.into_iter().rev() {
            if !matches!(class, Class::Expansion | Class::Original) {
                self.class_stack.enter_elem(self.out, &self.href_context, class, None);
            }
        }
    }

    /// Used when we're done with the current expansion "original code" (ie code before expansion).
    /// We close all tags inside `Class::Original` and only keep the ones that were not closed yet.
    fn close_original_tag(&mut self) {
        let mut classes_to_reopen = Vec::new();
        while let Some(mut class_info) = self.class_stack.open_classes.pop() {
            if class_info.class == Class::Original {
                while let Some(class_info) = classes_to_reopen.pop() {
                    self.class_stack.open_classes.push(class_info);
                }
                class_info.close_tag(self.out);
                return;
            }
            class_info.close_tag(self.out);
            if !class_info.pending_exit {
                class_info.closing_tag = None;
                classes_to_reopen.push(class_info);
            }
        }
        panic!("Didn't find `Class::Original` to close");
    }
}

impl<F: Write> Drop for TokenHandler<'_, '_, F> {
    /// When leaving, we need to flush all pending data to not have missing content.
    fn drop(&mut self) {
        self.class_stack.empty_stack(self.out);
    }
}

/// Represents the type of line number to be generated as HTML.
#[derive(Clone, Copy)]
enum LineNumberKind {
    /// Used for scraped code examples.
    Scraped,
    /// Used for source code pages.
    Normal,
    /// Code examples in documentation don't have line number generated by rustdoc.
    Empty,
}

impl LineNumberKind {
    fn render(self, line: u32) -> impl Display {
        fmt::from_fn(move |f| {
            match self {
                // https://developers.google.com/search/docs/crawling-indexing/robots-meta-tag#data-nosnippet-attr
                // Do not show "1 2 3 4 5 ..." in web search results.
                Self::Scraped => write!(f, "<span data-nosnippet>{line}</span>"),
                Self::Normal => write!(f, "<a href=#{line} id={line} data-nosnippet>{line}</a>"),
                Self::Empty => Ok(()),
            }
        })
    }
}

fn get_next_expansion(
    expanded_codes: &[ExpandedCode],
    line: u32,
    span: Span,
) -> Option<&ExpandedCode> {
    expanded_codes.iter().find(|code| code.start_line == line && code.span.lo() > span.lo())
}

fn get_expansion<'a, W: Write>(
    token_handler: &mut TokenHandler<'_, '_, W>,
    expanded_codes: &'a [ExpandedCode],
    span: Span,
) -> Option<&'a ExpandedCode> {
    let expanded_code = get_next_expansion(expanded_codes, token_handler.line, span)?;
    token_handler.start_expansion();
    Some(expanded_code)
}

fn end_expansion<'a, W: Write>(
    token_handler: &mut TokenHandler<'_, '_, W>,
    expanded_codes: &'a [ExpandedCode],
    span: Span,
) -> Option<&'a ExpandedCode> {
    // We close `Class::Original` and everything open inside it.
    token_handler.close_original_tag();
    // Then we check if we have another macro expansion on the same line.
    let expansion = get_next_expansion(expanded_codes, token_handler.line, span);
    if expansion.is_none() {
        token_handler.close_expansion();
    }
    expansion
}

#[derive(Clone, Copy)]
pub(super) struct LineInfo {
    pub(super) start_line: u32,
    max_lines: u32,
    pub(super) is_scraped_example: bool,
}

impl LineInfo {
    pub(super) fn new(max_lines: u32) -> Self {
        Self { start_line: 1, max_lines: max_lines + 1, is_scraped_example: false }
    }

    pub(super) fn new_scraped(max_lines: u32, start_line: u32) -> Self {
        Self {
            start_line: start_line + 1,
            max_lines: max_lines + start_line + 1,
            is_scraped_example: true,
        }
    }
}

/// Convert the given `src` source code into HTML by adding classes for highlighting.
///
/// This code is used to render code blocks (in the documentation) as well as the source code pages.
///
/// Some explanations on the last arguments:
///
/// In case we are rendering a code block and not a source code file, `href_context` will be `None`.
/// To put it more simply: if `href_context` is `None`, the code won't try to generate links to an
/// item definition.
///
/// More explanations about spans and how we use them here are provided in the
pub(super) fn write_code(
    out: &mut impl Write,
    src: &str,
    href_context: Option<HrefContext<'_, '_>>,
    decoration_info: Option<&DecorationInfo>,
    edition: Edition,
    line_info: Option<LineInfo>,
) {
    // This replace allows to fix how the code source with DOS backline characters is displayed.
    let src =
        // The first "\r\n" should be fairly close to the beginning of the string relatively
        // to its overall length, and most strings handled by rustdoc likely don't have
        // DOS backlines anyway.
        // Checking for the single ASCII character '\r' is much more efficient than checking for
        // the whole string "\r\n".
        if src.contains('\r') { src.replace("\r\n", "\n").into() } else { Cow::Borrowed(src) };
    let mut token_handler = TokenHandler {
        out,
        href_context,
        line_number_kind: match line_info {
            Some(line_info) => {
                if line_info.is_scraped_example {
                    LineNumberKind::Scraped
                } else {
                    LineNumberKind::Normal
                }
            }
            None => LineNumberKind::Empty,
        },
        line: 0,
        max_lines: u32::MAX,
        class_stack: ClassStack::new(),
    };

    if let Some(line_info) = line_info {
        token_handler.line = line_info.start_line - 1;
        token_handler.max_lines = line_info.max_lines;
        if let Some(backline) = token_handler.handle_backline() {
            token_handler.push_token_without_backline_check(
                None,
                Cow::Owned(backline.to_string()),
                false,
            );
        }
    }

    let (expanded_codes, file_span) = match token_handler.href_context.as_ref().and_then(|c| {
        let expanded_codes = c.context.shared.expanded_codes.get(&c.file_span.lo())?;
        Some((expanded_codes, c.file_span))
    }) {
        Some((expanded_codes, file_span)) => (expanded_codes.as_slice(), file_span),
        None => (&[] as &[ExpandedCode], DUMMY_SP),
    };
    let mut current_expansion = get_expansion(&mut token_handler, expanded_codes, file_span);

    classify(
        &src,
        token_handler.href_context.as_ref().map_or(DUMMY_SP, |c| c.file_span),
        decoration_info,
        edition,
        &mut |span, highlight| match highlight {
            Highlight::Token { text, class } => {
                token_handler.push_token(class, Cow::Borrowed(text));

                if text == "\n" {
                    if current_expansion.is_none() {
                        current_expansion = get_expansion(&mut token_handler, expanded_codes, span);
                    }
                    if let Some(ref current_expansion) = current_expansion
                        && current_expansion.span.lo() == span.hi()
                    {
                        token_handler.add_expanded_code(current_expansion);
                    }
                } else {
                    let mut need_end = false;
                    if let Some(ref current_expansion) = current_expansion {
                        if current_expansion.span.lo() == span.hi() {
                            token_handler.add_expanded_code(current_expansion);
                        } else if current_expansion.end_line == token_handler.line
                            && span.hi() >= current_expansion.span.hi()
                        {
                            need_end = true;
                        }
                    }
                    if need_end {
                        current_expansion = end_expansion(&mut token_handler, expanded_codes, span);
                    }
                }
            }
            Highlight::EnterSpan { class } => {
                token_handler.class_stack.enter_elem(
                    token_handler.out,
                    &token_handler.href_context,
                    class,
                    None,
                );
            }
            Highlight::ExitSpan => {
                token_handler.class_stack.exit_elem();
            }
        },
    );
}

fn write_footer(playground_button: Option<&str>) -> impl Display {
    fmt::from_fn(move |f| write!(f, "</code></pre>{}</div>", playground_button.unwrap_or_default()))
}

/// How a span of text is classified. Mostly corresponds to token kinds.
#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Eq, PartialEq)]
enum Class {
    Comment,
    DocComment,
    Attribute,
    KeyWord,
    /// Keywords that do pointer/reference stuff.
    RefKeyWord,
    Self_(Span),
    Macro(Span),
    MacroNonTerminal,
    String,
    Number,
    Bool,
    /// `Ident` isn't rendered in the HTML but we still need it for the `Span` it contains.
    Ident(Span),
    Lifetime,
    PreludeTy(Span),
    PreludeVal(Span),
    QuestionMark,
    Decoration(&'static str),
    /// Macro expansion.
    Expansion,
    /// "original" code without macro expansion.
    Original,
}

impl Class {
    /// It is only looking at the variant, not the variant content.
    ///
    /// It is used mostly to group multiple similar HTML elements into one `<span>` instead of
    /// multiple ones.
    fn is_equal_to(self, other: Self) -> bool {
        match (self, other) {
            (Self::Self_(_), Self::Self_(_))
            | (Self::Macro(_), Self::Macro(_))
            | (Self::Ident(_), Self::Ident(_)) => true,
            (Self::Decoration(c1), Self::Decoration(c2)) => c1 == c2,
            (x, y) => x == y,
        }
    }

    /// Returns the css class expected by rustdoc for each `Class`.
    fn as_html(self) -> &'static str {
        match self {
            Class::Comment => "comment",
            Class::DocComment => "doccomment",
            Class::Attribute => "attr",
            Class::KeyWord => "kw",
            Class::RefKeyWord => "kw-2",
            Class::Self_(_) => "self",
            Class::Macro(_) => "macro",
            Class::MacroNonTerminal => "macro-nonterminal",
            Class::String => "string",
            Class::Number => "number",
            Class::Bool => "bool-val",
            Class::Ident(_) => "",
            Class::Lifetime => "lifetime",
            Class::PreludeTy(_) => "prelude-ty",
            Class::PreludeVal(_) => "prelude-val",
            Class::QuestionMark => "question-mark",
            Class::Decoration(kind) => kind,
            Class::Expansion => "expansion",
            Class::Original => "original",
        }
    }

    /// In case this is an item which can be converted into a link to a definition, it'll contain
    /// a "span" (a tuple representing `(lo, hi)` equivalent of `Span`).
    fn get_span(self) -> Option<Span> {
        match self {
            Self::Ident(sp)
            | Self::Self_(sp)
            | Self::Macro(sp)
            | Self::PreludeTy(sp)
            | Self::PreludeVal(sp) => Some(sp),
            Self::Comment
            | Self::DocComment
            | Self::Attribute
            | Self::KeyWord
            | Self::RefKeyWord
            | Self::MacroNonTerminal
            | Self::String
            | Self::Number
            | Self::Bool
            | Self::Lifetime
            | Self::QuestionMark
            | Self::Decoration(_)
            | Self::Original
            | Self::Expansion => None,
        }
    }
}

impl fmt::Display for Class {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
        let html = self.as_html();
        if html.is_empty() {
            return Ok(());
        }
        write!(f, " class=\"{html}\"")
    }
}

#[derive(Debug)]
enum Highlight<'a> {
    Token { text: &'a str, class: Option<Class> },
    EnterSpan { class: Class },
    ExitSpan,
}

struct TokenIter<'a> {
    src: &'a str,
    cursor: Cursor<'a>,
}

impl<'a> TokenIter<'a> {
    fn new(src: &'a str) -> Self {
        Self { src, cursor: Cursor::new(src, FrontmatterAllowed::Yes) }
    }
}

impl<'a> Iterator for TokenIter<'a> {
    type Item = (TokenKind, &'a str);
    fn next(&mut self) -> Option<(TokenKind, &'a str)> {
        let token = self.cursor.advance_token();
        if token.kind == TokenKind::Eof {
            return None;
        }
        let (text, rest) = self.src.split_at(token.len as usize);
        self.src = rest;
        Some((token.kind, text))
    }
}

/// Used to know if a keyword followed by a `!` should never be treated as a macro.
const NON_MACRO_KEYWORDS: &[&str] = &["if", "while", "match", "break", "return", "impl"];

/// This iterator comes from the same idea than "Peekable" except that it allows to "peek" more than
/// just the next item by using `peek_next`. The `peek` method always returns the next item after
/// the current one whereas `peek_next` will return the next item after the last one peeked.
///
/// You can use both `peek` and `peek_next` at the same time without problem.
struct PeekIter<'a> {
    stored: VecDeque<(TokenKind, &'a str)>,
    /// This position is reinitialized when using `next`. It is used in `peek_next`.
    peek_pos: usize,
    iter: TokenIter<'a>,
}

impl<'a> PeekIter<'a> {
    fn new(iter: TokenIter<'a>) -> Self {
        Self { stored: VecDeque::new(), peek_pos: 0, iter }
    }
    /// Returns the next item after the current one. It doesn't interfere with `peek_next` output.
    fn peek(&mut self) -> Option<(TokenKind, &'a str)> {
        if self.stored.is_empty()
            && let Some(next) = self.iter.next()
        {
            self.stored.push_back(next);
        }
        self.stored.front().copied()
    }
    /// Returns the next item after the last one peeked. It doesn't interfere with `peek` output.
    fn peek_next(&mut self) -> Option<(TokenKind, &'a str)> {
        self.peek_pos += 1;
        if self.peek_pos - 1 < self.stored.len() {
            self.stored.get(self.peek_pos - 1)
        } else if let Some(next) = self.iter.next() {
            self.stored.push_back(next);
            self.stored.back()
        } else {
            None
        }
        .copied()
    }

    fn peek_next_if<F: Fn((TokenKind, &'a str)) -> bool>(
        &mut self,
        f: F,
    ) -> Option<(TokenKind, &'a str)> {
        let next = self.peek_next()?;
        if f(next) {
            Some(next)
        } else {
            // We go one step back.
            self.peek_pos -= 1;
            None
        }
    }

    fn stop_peeking(&mut self) {
        self.peek_pos = 0;
    }
}

impl<'a> Iterator for PeekIter<'a> {
    type Item = (TokenKind, &'a str);
    fn next(&mut self) -> Option<Self::Item> {
        if let Some(first) = self.stored.pop_front() { Some(first) } else { self.iter.next() }
    }
}

/// Custom spans inserted into the source. Eg --scrape-examples uses this to highlight function calls
struct Decorations {
    starts: Vec<(u32, &'static str)>,
    ends: Vec<u32>,
}

impl Decorations {
    fn new(info: &DecorationInfo) -> Self {
        // Extract tuples (start, end, kind) into separate sequences of (start, kind) and (end).
        let (mut starts, mut ends): (Vec<_>, Vec<_>) = info
            .0
            .iter()
            .flat_map(|(&kind, ranges)| ranges.iter().map(move |&(lo, hi)| ((lo, kind), hi)))
            .unzip();

        // Sort the sequences in document order.
        starts.sort_by_key(|(lo, _)| *lo);
        ends.sort();

        Decorations { starts, ends }
    }
}

/// Convenient wrapper to create a [`Span`] from a position in the file.
fn new_span(lo: u32, text: &str, file_span: Span) -> Span {
    let hi = lo + text.len() as u32;
    let file_lo = file_span.lo();
    file_span.with_lo(file_lo + BytePos(lo)).with_hi(file_lo + BytePos(hi))
}

fn classify<'src>(
    src: &'src str,
    file_span: Span,
    decoration_info: Option<&DecorationInfo>,
    edition: Edition,
    sink: &mut dyn FnMut(Span, Highlight<'src>),
) {
    let offset = rustc_lexer::strip_shebang(src);

    if let Some(offset) = offset {
        sink(DUMMY_SP, Highlight::Token { text: &src[..offset], class: Some(Class::Comment) });
    }

    let mut classifier =
        Classifier::new(src, offset.unwrap_or_default(), file_span, decoration_info, edition);

    loop {
        if let Some(decs) = classifier.decorations.as_mut() {
            let byte_pos = classifier.byte_pos;
            let n_starts = decs.starts.iter().filter(|(i, _)| byte_pos >= *i).count();
            for (_, kind) in decs.starts.drain(0..n_starts) {
                sink(DUMMY_SP, Highlight::EnterSpan { class: Class::Decoration(kind) });
            }

            let n_ends = decs.ends.iter().filter(|i| byte_pos >= **i).count();
            for _ in decs.ends.drain(0..n_ends) {
                sink(DUMMY_SP, Highlight::ExitSpan);
            }
        }

        if let Some((TokenKind::Colon | TokenKind::Ident, _)) = classifier.tokens.peek()
            && let Some(nb_items) = classifier.get_full_ident_path()
        {
            let start = classifier.byte_pos as usize;
            let len: usize = iter::from_fn(|| classifier.next())
                .take(nb_items)
                .map(|(_, text, _)| text.len())
                .sum();
            let text = &classifier.src[start..start + len];
            classifier.advance(TokenKind::Ident, text, sink, start as u32);
        } else if let Some((token, text, before)) = classifier.next() {
            classifier.advance(token, text, sink, before);
        } else {
            break;
        }
    }
}

/// Processes program tokens, classifying strings of text by highlighting
/// category (`Class`).
struct Classifier<'src> {
    tokens: PeekIter<'src>,
    in_attribute: bool,
    in_macro: bool,
    in_macro_nonterminal: bool,
    byte_pos: u32,
    file_span: Span,
    src: &'src str,
    decorations: Option<Decorations>,
    edition: Edition,
}

impl<'src> Classifier<'src> {
    /// Takes as argument the source code to HTML-ify and the source code file span
    /// which will be used later on by the `span_correspondence_map`.
    fn new(
        src: &'src str,
        byte_pos: usize,
        file_span: Span,
        decoration_info: Option<&DecorationInfo>,
        edition: Edition,
    ) -> Self {
        Classifier {
            tokens: PeekIter::new(TokenIter::new(&src[byte_pos..])),
            in_attribute: false,
            in_macro: false,
            in_macro_nonterminal: false,
            byte_pos: byte_pos as u32,
            file_span,
            src,
            decorations: decoration_info.map(Decorations::new),
            edition,
        }
    }

    /// Concatenate colons and idents as one when possible.
    fn get_full_ident_path(&mut self) -> Option<usize> {
        let mut has_ident = false;
        let mut nb_items = 0;

        let ret = loop {
            let mut nb = 0;
            while self.tokens.peek_next_if(|(token, _)| token == TokenKind::Colon).is_some() {
                nb += 1;
                nb_items += 1;
            }
            // Ident path can start with "::" but if we already have content in the ident path,
            // the "::" is mandatory.
            if has_ident && nb == 0 {
                break Some(nb_items);
            } else if nb != 0 && nb != 2 {
                if has_ident {
                    // Following `;` will be handled on its own.
                    break Some(nb_items - 1);
                } else {
                    break None;
                }
            }

            if let Some((TokenKind::Ident, text)) =
                self.tokens.peek_next_if(|(token, _)| token == TokenKind::Ident)
                && let symbol = Symbol::intern(text)
                && (symbol.is_path_segment_keyword() || !self.is_keyword(symbol))
            {
                has_ident = true;
                nb_items += 1;
            } else if nb > 0 && has_ident {
                // Drop all the colons we just peeked (e.g. `Option::<T>` → keep `Option`).
                break Some(nb_items - nb);
            } else if has_ident {
                break Some(nb_items);
            } else {
                break None;
            }
        };
        self.tokens.stop_peeking();
        ret
    }

    /// Wraps the tokens iteration to ensure that the `byte_pos` is always correct.
    ///
    /// It returns the token's kind, the token as a string and its byte position in the source
    /// string.
    fn next(&mut self) -> Option<(TokenKind, &'src str, u32)> {
        if let Some((kind, text)) = self.tokens.next() {
            let before = self.byte_pos;
            self.byte_pos += text.len() as u32;
            Some((kind, text, before))
        } else {
            None
        }
    }

    fn new_macro_span(
        &mut self,
        text: &'src str,
        sink: &mut dyn FnMut(Span, Highlight<'src>),
        before: u32,
        file_span: Span,
    ) {
        self.in_macro = true;
        let span = new_span(before, text, file_span);
        sink(DUMMY_SP, Highlight::EnterSpan { class: Class::Macro(span) });
        sink(span, Highlight::Token { text, class: None });
    }

    /// Single step of highlighting. This will classify `token`, but maybe also a couple of
    /// following ones as well.
    ///
    /// `before` is the position of the given token in the `source` string and is used as "lo" byte
    /// in case we want to try to generate a link for this token using the
    /// `span_correspondence_map`.
    fn advance(
        &mut self,
        token: TokenKind,
        text: &'src str,
        sink: &mut dyn FnMut(Span, Highlight<'src>),
        before: u32,
    ) {
        let lookahead = self.peek();
        let file_span = self.file_span;
        let no_highlight = |sink: &mut dyn FnMut(_, _)| {
            sink(new_span(before, text, file_span), Highlight::Token { text, class: None })
        };
        let whitespace = |sink: &mut dyn FnMut(_, _)| {
            let mut start = 0u32;
            for part in text.split('\n').intersperse("\n").filter(|s| !s.is_empty()) {
                sink(
                    new_span(before + start, part, file_span),
                    Highlight::Token { text: part, class: None },
                );
                start += part.len() as u32;
            }
        };
        let class = match token {
            TokenKind::Whitespace => return whitespace(sink),
            TokenKind::LineComment { doc_style } | TokenKind::BlockComment { doc_style, .. } => {
                if doc_style.is_some() {
                    Class::DocComment
                } else {
                    Class::Comment
                }
            }
            TokenKind::Frontmatter { .. } => Class::Comment,
            // Consider this as part of a macro invocation if there was a
            // leading identifier.
            TokenKind::Bang if self.in_macro => {
                self.in_macro = false;
                sink(new_span(before, text, file_span), Highlight::Token { text, class: None });
                sink(DUMMY_SP, Highlight::ExitSpan);
                return;
            }

            // Assume that '&' or '*' is the reference or dereference operator
            // or a reference or pointer type. Unless, of course, it looks like
            // a logical and or a multiplication operator: `&&` or `* `.
            TokenKind::Star => match self.tokens.peek() {
                Some((TokenKind::Whitespace, _)) => return whitespace(sink),
                Some((TokenKind::Ident, "mut")) => {
                    self.next();
                    sink(
                        DUMMY_SP,
                        Highlight::Token { text: "*mut", class: Some(Class::RefKeyWord) },
                    );
                    return;
                }
                Some((TokenKind::Ident, "const")) => {
                    self.next();
                    sink(
                        DUMMY_SP,
                        Highlight::Token { text: "*const", class: Some(Class::RefKeyWord) },
                    );
                    return;
                }
                _ => Class::RefKeyWord,
            },
            TokenKind::And => match self.tokens.peek() {
                Some((TokenKind::And, _)) => {
                    self.next();
                    sink(DUMMY_SP, Highlight::Token { text: "&&", class: None });
                    return;
                }
                Some((TokenKind::Eq, _)) => {
                    self.next();
                    sink(DUMMY_SP, Highlight::Token { text: "&=", class: None });
                    return;
                }
                Some((TokenKind::Whitespace, _)) => return whitespace(sink),
                Some((TokenKind::Ident, "mut")) => {
                    self.next();
                    sink(
                        DUMMY_SP,
                        Highlight::Token { text: "&mut", class: Some(Class::RefKeyWord) },
                    );
                    return;
                }
                _ => Class::RefKeyWord,
            },

            // These can either be operators, or arrows.
            TokenKind::Eq => match lookahead {
                Some(TokenKind::Eq) => {
                    self.next();
                    sink(DUMMY_SP, Highlight::Token { text: "==", class: None });
                    return;
                }
                Some(TokenKind::Gt) => {
                    self.next();
                    sink(DUMMY_SP, Highlight::Token { text: "=>", class: None });
                    return;
                }
                _ => return no_highlight(sink),
            },
            TokenKind::Minus if lookahead == Some(TokenKind::Gt) => {
                self.next();
                sink(DUMMY_SP, Highlight::Token { text: "->", class: None });
                return;
            }

            // Other operators.
            TokenKind::Minus
            | TokenKind::Plus
            | TokenKind::Or
            | TokenKind::Slash
            | TokenKind::Caret
            | TokenKind::Percent
            | TokenKind::Bang
            | TokenKind::Lt
            | TokenKind::Gt => return no_highlight(sink),

            // Miscellaneous, no highlighting.
            TokenKind::Dot
            | TokenKind::Semi
            | TokenKind::Comma
            | TokenKind::OpenParen
            | TokenKind::CloseParen
            | TokenKind::OpenBrace
            | TokenKind::CloseBrace
            | TokenKind::OpenBracket
            | TokenKind::At
            | TokenKind::Tilde
            | TokenKind::Colon
            | TokenKind::Unknown => return no_highlight(sink),

            TokenKind::Question => Class::QuestionMark,

            TokenKind::Dollar => match lookahead {
                Some(TokenKind::Ident) => {
                    self.in_macro_nonterminal = true;
                    Class::MacroNonTerminal
                }
                _ => return no_highlight(sink),
            },

            // This might be the start of an attribute. We're going to want to
            // continue highlighting it as an attribute until the ending ']' is
            // seen, so skip out early. Down below we terminate the attribute
            // span when we see the ']'.
            TokenKind::Pound => {
                match lookahead {
                    // Case 1: #![inner_attribute]
                    Some(TokenKind::Bang) => {
                        self.next();
                        if let Some(TokenKind::OpenBracket) = self.peek() {
                            self.in_attribute = true;
                            sink(
                                new_span(before, text, file_span),
                                Highlight::EnterSpan { class: Class::Attribute },
                            );
                        }
                        sink(DUMMY_SP, Highlight::Token { text: "#", class: None });
                        sink(DUMMY_SP, Highlight::Token { text: "!", class: None });
                        return;
                    }
                    // Case 2: #[outer_attribute]
                    Some(TokenKind::OpenBracket) => {
                        self.in_attribute = true;
                        sink(
                            new_span(before, text, file_span),
                            Highlight::EnterSpan { class: Class::Attribute },
                        );
                    }
                    _ => (),
                }
                return no_highlight(sink);
            }
            TokenKind::CloseBracket => {
                if self.in_attribute {
                    self.in_attribute = false;
                    sink(
                        new_span(before, text, file_span),
                        Highlight::Token { text: "]", class: None },
                    );
                    sink(DUMMY_SP, Highlight::ExitSpan);
                    return;
                }
                return no_highlight(sink);
            }
            TokenKind::Literal { kind, .. } => match kind {
                // Text literals.
                LiteralKind::Byte { .. }
                | LiteralKind::Char { .. }
                | LiteralKind::Str { .. }
                | LiteralKind::ByteStr { .. }
                | LiteralKind::RawStr { .. }
                | LiteralKind::RawByteStr { .. }
                | LiteralKind::CStr { .. }
                | LiteralKind::RawCStr { .. } => Class::String,
                // Number literals.
                LiteralKind::Float { .. } | LiteralKind::Int { .. } => Class::Number,
            },
            TokenKind::GuardedStrPrefix => return no_highlight(sink),
            TokenKind::RawIdent if self.check_if_macro_call("") => {
                self.new_macro_span(text, sink, before, file_span);
                return;
            }
            // Macro non-terminals (meta vars) take precedence.
            TokenKind::Ident if self.in_macro_nonterminal => {
                self.in_macro_nonterminal = false;
                Class::MacroNonTerminal
            }
            TokenKind::Ident => {
                let span = || new_span(before, text, file_span);

                match text {
                    "ref" | "mut" => Class::RefKeyWord,
                    "false" | "true" => Class::Bool,
                    "self" | "Self" => Class::Self_(span()),
                    "Option" | "Result" => Class::PreludeTy(span()),
                    "Some" | "None" | "Ok" | "Err" => Class::PreludeVal(span()),
                    _ if self.is_weak_keyword(text) || self.is_keyword(Symbol::intern(text)) => {
                        // So if it's not a keyword which can be followed by a value (like `if` or
                        // `return`) and the next non-whitespace token is a `!`, then we consider
                        // it's a macro.
                        if !NON_MACRO_KEYWORDS.contains(&text) && self.check_if_macro_call(text) {
                            self.new_macro_span(text, sink, before, file_span);
                            return;
                        }
                        Class::KeyWord
                    }
                    // If it's not a keyword and the next non whitespace token is a `!`, then
                    // we consider it's a macro.
                    _ if self.check_if_macro_call(text) => {
                        self.new_macro_span(text, sink, before, file_span);
                        return;
                    }
                    _ => Class::Ident(span()),
                }
            }
            TokenKind::RawIdent | TokenKind::UnknownPrefix | TokenKind::InvalidIdent => {
                Class::Ident(new_span(before, text, file_span))
            }
            TokenKind::Lifetime { .. }
            | TokenKind::RawLifetime
            | TokenKind::UnknownPrefixLifetime => Class::Lifetime,
            TokenKind::Eof => panic!("Eof in advance"),
        };
        // Anything that didn't return above is the simple case where we the
        // class just spans a single token, so we can use the `string` method.
        let mut start = 0u32;
        for part in text.split('\n').intersperse("\n").filter(|s| !s.is_empty()) {
            sink(
                new_span(before + start, part, file_span),
                Highlight::Token { text: part, class: Some(class) },
            );
            start += part.len() as u32;
        }
    }

    fn is_weak_keyword(&mut self, text: &str) -> bool {
        // NOTE: `yeet` (`do yeet $expr`), `catch` (`do catch $block`), `default` (specialization),
        // `contract_{ensures,requires}`, `builtin` (builtin_syntax) & `reuse` (fn_delegation) are
        // too difficult or annoying to properly detect under this simple scheme.

        let matches = match text {
            "auto" => |text| text == "trait", // `auto trait Trait {}` (`auto_traits`)
            "pin" => |text| text == "const" || text == "mut", // `&pin mut Type` (`pin_ergonomics`)
            "raw" => |text| text == "const" || text == "mut", // `&raw const local`
            "safe" => |text| text == "fn" || text == "extern", // `unsafe extern { safe fn f(); }`
            "union" => |_| true,              // `union Untagged { field: () }`
            _ => return false,
        };
        matches!(self.peek_non_trivia(), Some((TokenKind::Ident, text)) if matches(text))
    }

    fn is_keyword(&self, symbol: Symbol) -> bool {
        symbol.is_reserved(|| self.edition)
    }

    fn peek(&mut self) -> Option<TokenKind> {
        self.tokens.peek().map(|(kind, _)| kind)
    }

    fn peek_non_trivia(&mut self) -> Option<(TokenKind, &str)> {
        while let Some(token @ (kind, _)) = self.tokens.peek_next() {
            if let TokenKind::Whitespace
            | TokenKind::LineComment { doc_style: None }
            | TokenKind::BlockComment { doc_style: None, .. } = kind
            {
                continue;
            }
            self.tokens.stop_peeking();
            return Some(token);
        }
        self.tokens.stop_peeking();
        None
    }

    fn check_if_macro_call(&mut self, ident: &str) -> bool {
        let mut has_bang = false;
        let is_macro_rule_ident = ident == "macro_rules";

        while let Some((kind, _)) = self.tokens.peek_next() {
            if let TokenKind::Whitespace
            | TokenKind::LineComment { doc_style: None }
            | TokenKind::BlockComment { doc_style: None, .. } = kind
            {
                continue;
            }
            if !has_bang {
                if kind != TokenKind::Bang {
                    break;
                }
                has_bang = true;
                continue;
            }
            self.tokens.stop_peeking();
            if is_macro_rule_ident {
                return matches!(kind, TokenKind::Ident | TokenKind::RawIdent);
            }
            return matches!(
                kind,
                TokenKind::OpenParen | TokenKind::OpenBracket | TokenKind::OpenBrace
            );
        }
        self.tokens.stop_peeking();
        false
    }
}

fn generate_link_to_def(
    out: &mut impl Write,
    text_s: &str,
    klass: Class,
    href_context: &Option<HrefContext<'_, '_>>,
    def_span: Span,
    open_tag: bool,
) -> bool {
    if let Some(href_context) = href_context
        && let Some(href) =
            href_context.context.shared.span_correspondence_map.get(&def_span).and_then(|href| {
                let context = href_context.context;
                // FIXME: later on, it'd be nice to provide two links (if possible) for all items:
                // one to the documentation page and one to the source definition.
                // FIXME: currently, external items only generate a link to their documentation,
                // a link to their definition can be generated using this:
                // https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/blob/60f1a2fc4b535ead9c85ce085fdce49b1b097531/src/librustdoc/html/render/context.rs#L315-L338
                match href {
                    LinkFromSrc::Local(span) => {
                        context.href_from_span_relative(*span, &href_context.current_href)
                    }
                    LinkFromSrc::External(def_id) => {
                        format::href_with_root_path(*def_id, context, Some(href_context.root_path))
                            .ok()
                            .map(|HrefInfo { url, .. }| url)
                    }
                    LinkFromSrc::Primitive(prim) => format::href_with_root_path(
                        PrimitiveType::primitive_locations(context.tcx())[prim],
                        context,
                        Some(href_context.root_path),
                    )
                    .ok()
                    .map(|HrefInfo { url, .. }| url),
                    LinkFromSrc::Doc(def_id) => {
                        format::href_with_root_path(*def_id, context, Some(href_context.root_path))
                            .ok()
                            .map(|HrefInfo { url, .. }| url)
                    }
                }
            })
    {
        if !open_tag {
            // We're already inside an element which has the same klass, no need to give it
            // again.
            write!(out, "<a href=\"{href}\">{text_s}").unwrap();
        } else {
            let klass_s = klass.as_html();
            if klass_s.is_empty() {
                write!(out, "<a href=\"{href}\">{text_s}").unwrap();
            } else {
                write!(out, "<a class=\"{klass_s}\" href=\"{href}\">{text_s}").unwrap();
            }
        }
        return true;
    }
    false
}

/// This function writes `text` into `out` with some modifications depending on `klass`:
///
/// * If `klass` is `None`, `text` is written into `out` with no modification.
/// * If `klass` is `Some` but `klass.get_span()` is `None`, it writes the text wrapped in a
///   `<span>` with the provided `klass`.
/// * If `klass` is `Some` and has a [`rustc_span::Span`], it then tries to generate a link (`<a>`
///   element) by retrieving the link information from the `span_correspondence_map` that was filled
///   in `span_map.rs::collect_spans_and_sources`. If it cannot retrieve the information, then it's
///   the same as the second point (`klass` is `Some` but doesn't have a [`rustc_span::Span`]).
fn string_without_closing_tag<T: Display>(
    out: &mut impl Write,
    text: T,
    klass: Option<Class>,
    href_context: &Option<HrefContext<'_, '_>>,
    open_tag: bool,
) -> Option<&'static str> {
    let Some(klass) = klass else {
        write!(out, "{text}").unwrap();
        return None;
    };
    let Some(def_span) = klass.get_span() else {
        if !open_tag {
            write!(out, "{text}").unwrap();
            return None;
        }
        write!(out, "<span class=\"{klass}\">{text}", klass = klass.as_html()).unwrap();
        return Some("</span>");
    };

    let mut added_links = false;
    let mut text_s = text.to_string();
    if text_s.contains("::") {
        let mut span = def_span.with_hi(def_span.lo());
        text_s = text_s.split("::").intersperse("::").fold(String::new(), |mut path, t| {
            span = span.with_hi(span.hi() + BytePos(t.len() as _));
            match t {
                "::" => write!(&mut path, "::"),
                "self" | "Self" => write!(
                    &mut path,
                    "<span class=\"{klass}\">{t}</span>",
                    klass = Class::Self_(DUMMY_SP).as_html(),
                ),
                "crate" | "super" => {
                    write!(
                        &mut path,
                        "<span class=\"{klass}\">{t}</span>",
                        klass = Class::KeyWord.as_html(),
                    )
                }
                t => {
                    if !t.is_empty()
                        && generate_link_to_def(&mut path, t, klass, href_context, span, open_tag)
                    {
                        added_links = true;
                        write!(&mut path, "</a>")
                    } else {
                        write!(&mut path, "{t}")
                    }
                }
            }
            .expect("Failed to build source HTML path");
            span = span.with_lo(span.lo() + BytePos(t.len() as _));
            path
        });
    }

    if !added_links && generate_link_to_def(out, &text_s, klass, href_context, def_span, open_tag) {
        return Some("</a>");
    }
    if !open_tag {
        out.write_str(&text_s).unwrap();
        return None;
    }
    let klass_s = klass.as_html();
    if klass_s.is_empty() {
        out.write_str(&text_s).unwrap();
        Some("")
    } else {
        write!(out, "<span class=\"{klass_s}\">{text_s}").unwrap();
        Some("</span>")
    }
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests;