As output parameters
Closures as input parameters are possible, so returning closures as
output parameters should also be possible. However, anonymous
closure types are, by definition, unknown, so we have to use
impl Trait
to return them.
The valid traits for returning a closure are:
Fn
FnMut
FnOnce
Beyond this, the move
keyword must be used, which signals that all captures
occur by value. This is required because any captures by reference would be
dropped as soon as the function exited, leaving invalid references in the
closure.
fn create_fn() -> impl Fn() { let text = "Fn".to_owned(); move || println!("This is a: {}", text) } fn create_fnmut() -> impl FnMut() { let text = "FnMut".to_owned(); move || println!("This is a: {}", text) } fn create_fnonce() -> impl FnOnce() { let text = "FnOnce".to_owned(); move || println!("This is a: {}", text) } fn main() { let fn_plain = create_fn(); let mut fn_mut = create_fnmut(); let fn_once = create_fnonce(); fn_plain(); fn_mut(); fn_once(); }
See also:
Fn
, FnMut
, Generics and impl Trait.