Foreword

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Introduction

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Getting Started

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Installation

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Hello, World!

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Hello, Cargo!

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Programming a Guessing Game

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Common Programming Concepts

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Variables and Mutability

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Data Types

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How Functions Work

Functions

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Comments

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Control Flow

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Understanding Ownership

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What is Ownership?

What Is Ownership?

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References & Borrowing

References and Borrowing

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Slices

The Slice Type

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Defining and Instantiating Structs

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An Example Program Using Structs

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Method Syntax

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Enums and Pattern Matching

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Defining an Enum

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The match Control Flow Operator

The `match` Control Flow Operator

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Concise Control Flow with if let

Concise Control Flow with `if let`

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Packages, Crates, and Modules

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Packages and crates for making libraries and executables

Packages and Crates for Making Libraries and Executables

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Modules and use to control scope and privacy

The Module System to Control Scope and Privacy

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Common Collections

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Vectors

Storing Lists of Values with Vectors

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Strings

Storing UTF-8 Encoded Text with Strings

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Hash Maps

Storing Keys with Associated Values in Hash Maps

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Error Handling

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Unrecoverable Errors with panic!

Unrecoverable Errors with `panic!`

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Recoverable Errors with Result

Recoverable Errors with `Result`

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To panic! or Not to panic!

To `panic!` or Not to `panic!`

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Generic Types, Traits, and Lifetimes

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Generic Data Types

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Traits: Defining Shared Behavior

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Validating References with Lifetimes

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Writing Automated Tests

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Writing tests

How to Write Tests

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Running tests

Controlling How Tests Are Run

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Test Organization

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An I/O Project: Building a Command Line Program

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Accepting Command Line Arguments

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Reading a File

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Refactoring to Improve Modularity and Error Handling

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Developing the Library’s Functionality with Test Driven Development

Developing the Library’s Functionality with Test-Driven Development

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Working with Environment Variables

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Writing Error Messages to Standard Error Instead of Standard Output

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Functional Language Features: Iterators and Closures

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Closures: Anonymous Functions that Can Capture Their Environment

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Processing a Series of Items with Iterators

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Improving Our I/O Project

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Comparing Performance: Loops vs. Iterators

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More About Cargo and Crates.io

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Customizing Builds with Release Profiles

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Publishing a Crate to Crates.io

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Cargo Workspaces

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Installing Binaries from Crates.io with cargo install

Installing Binaries from Crates.io with `cargo install`

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Extending Cargo with Custom Commands

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Smart Pointers

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Box<T> Points to Data on the Heap and Has a Known Size

Using `Box<T>` to Point to Data on the Heap

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The Deref Trait Allows Access to the Data Through a Reference

Treating Smart Pointers Like Regular References with the `Deref` Trait

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The Drop Trait Runs Code on Cleanup

Running Code on Cleanup with the `Drop` Trait

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Rc<T>, the Reference Counted Smart Pointer

`Rc<T>`, the Reference Counted Smart Pointer

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RefCell<T> and the Interior Mutability Pattern

`RefCell<T>` and the Interior Mutability Pattern

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Creating Reference Cycles and Leaking Memory is Safe

Reference Cycles Can Leak Memory

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Fearless Concurrency

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Threads

Using Threads to Run Code Simultaneously

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Message Passing

Using Message Passing to Transfer Data Between Threads

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Shared State

Shared-State Concurrency

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Extensible Concurrency: Sync and Send

Extensible Concurrency with the `Sync` and `Send` Traits

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Object Oriented Programming Features of Rust

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Characteristics of Object-Oriented Languages

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Using Trait Objects that Allow for Values of Different Types

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Implementing an Object-Oriented Design Pattern

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Patterns and Matching

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All the Places Patterns May be Used

All the Places Patterns Can Be Used

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Refutability: Whether a Pattern Might Fail to Match

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All the Pattern Syntax

Pattern Syntax

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Advanced Features

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Unsafe Rust

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Advanced Lifetimes

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Advanced Traits

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Advanced Types

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Advanced Functions & Closures

Advanced Functions and Closures

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Macros

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Final Project: Building a Multithreaded Web Server

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A Single Threaded Web Server

Building a Single-Threaded Web Server

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Turning our Single Threaded Server into a Multithreaded Server

Turning Our Single-Threaded Server into a Multithreaded Server

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Graceful Shutdown and Cleanup

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Appendix

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A - Keywords

Appendix A: Keywords

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B - Operators and Symbols

Appendix B: Operators and Symbols

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C - Derivable Traits

Appendix C: Derivable Traits

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Appendix D - Useful Development Tools

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Appendix E - Editions

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F - Translations

Appendix F: Translations of the Book

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Appendix G - How Rust is Made and “Nightly Rust”

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The Rust Programming Language